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datetime="2021-02-15">2021年2月15日<gydF4y2Ba/time></a></li> </ul> <h1 class="c-article-title" data-test="article-title" data-article-title="">玉米酰基 - Coa结合蛋白基因家族的分子表征，表达和功能分析（<gydF4y2Bai>玉米<gydF4y2Ba/i>）<gydF4y2Ba/h1> <ul class="c-article-author-list js-etal-collapsed" data-etal="25" data-etal-small="3" data-test="authors-list" data-component-authors-activator="authors-list"> <li class="c-article-author-list__item"><a data-test="author-name" data-track="click" data-track-action="open author" data-track-label="link" href="#auth-Jiantang-Zhu" data-author-popup="auth-Jiantang-Zhu">朱建堂<gydF4y2Ba/a><sup class="u-js-hide"><a href="#Aff1">1<gydF4y2Ba/a></sup>，<gydF4y2Ba/li> <li class="c-article-author-list__item"><a data-test="author-name" data-track="click" data-track-action="open author" data-track-label="link" href="#auth-Weijun-Li" data-author-popup="auth-Weijun-Li">Weijun李<gydF4y2Ba/a><sup class="u-js-hide"><a href="#Aff1">1<gydF4y2Ba/a></sup>，<gydF4y2Ba/li> <li 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data-track-label="link" href="#auth-Xinyao-Xia" data-author-popup="auth-Xinyao-Xia">夏新尧<gydF4y2Ba/a><sup class="u-js-hide"><a href="#Aff1">1<gydF4y2Ba/a></sup>，<gydF4y2Ba/li> <li class="c-article-author-list__item"><a data-test="author-name" data-track="click" data-track-action="open author" data-track-label="link" href="#auth-Ronghui-Che" data-author-popup="auth-Ronghui-Che">车荣辉<gydF4y2Ba/a><sup class="u-js-hide"><a href="#Aff1">1<gydF4y2Ba/a></sup>＆<gydF4y2Ba/li> <li class="c-article-author-list__item"><a data-test="author-name" data-track="click" data-track-action="open author" data-track-label="link" href="#auth-Hui-Li" data-author-popup="auth-Hui-Li" data-corresp-id="c1">慧丽<gydF4y2Basvg width="16" height="16" focusable="false" role="img" aria-hidden="true" class="u-icon"> <use xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xlink:href="#global-icon-email"></use> </svg></a><sup class="u-js-hide"><a href="#Aff1">1<gydF4y2Ba/a></sup></li> </ul> <p class="c-article-info-details" data-container-section="info"><a data-test="journal-link" href="//www.cinefiend.com/"><i data-test="journal-title">BMC植物生物学<gydF4y2Ba/i></a><b data-test="journal-volume"><span class="u-visually-hidden">体积<gydF4y2Ba/span>21.<gydF4y2Ba/b>，商品编号：<gydF4y2Baspan data-test="article-number">94<gydF4y2Ba/span>（<gydF4y2Baspan data-test="article-publication-year">2021<gydF4y2Ba/span>）<一个href="#citeas" class="c-article-info-details__cite-as u-hide-print" data-track="click" data-track-action="cite this article" data-track-label="link">引用本文<gydF4y2Ba/a></p> <div class="c-article-metrics-bar__wrapper u-clear-both"> <ul class="c-article-metrics-bar u-list-reset"> <li class=" c-article-metrics-bar__item"><p class="c-article-metrics-bar__count">627<gydF4y2Baspan class="c-article-metrics-bar__label">访问<gydF4y2Ba/span></p></li> <li class="c-article-metrics-bar__item"><p class="c-article-metrics-bar__count">1<gydF4y2Baspan class="c-article-metrics-bar__label">引用<gydF4y2Ba/span></p></li> <li class="c-article-metrics-bar__item"><p class="c-article-metrics-bar__details"><a href="//www.cinefiend.com/articles/10.1186/s12870-021-02863-4/metrics" data-track="click" data-track-action="view metrics" data-track-label="link" rel="nofollow">韵律学<gydF4y2Baspan class="u-visually-hidden">细节<gydF4y2Ba/span></a></p></li> </ul> </div> </div> <section aria-labelledby="Abs1" data-title="Abstract" lang="en"> <div class="c-article-section" id="Abs1-section"> <h2 class="c-article-section__title js-section-title js-c-reading-companion-sections-item" id="Abs1">摘要<gydF4y2Ba/h2> <div class="c-article-section__content" id="Abs1-content"> <h3 class="c-article__sub-heading" data-test="abstract-sub-heading">背景<gydF4y2Ba/h3> <p>酰基 - CoA结合蛋白（ACBP）具有保守的酰基 - COA结合（ACB）结构域，便于与酰基 - COA酯结合并贩运真核细胞。虽然ACBP的各种功能已经表征了几种植物物种，其结构，分子演化，表达谱和功能尚未完全阐明<gydF4y2Bai>玉米<gydF4y2Ba/i>L<gydF4y2Ba/p> <h3 class="c-article__sub-heading" data-test="abstract-sub-heading">结果<gydF4y2Ba/h3> <p>基因组分析确定了九个<gydF4y2Bai>ZMACBP.<gydF4y2Ba/i>基因<gydF4y2Bai>z梅斯<gydF4y2Ba/i>通过构建包含48个类群的系统发育树，可将其分为4个不同的类群（类群I、类群II、类群III和类群IV）<gydF4y2Bai>ACBP<gydF4y2Ba/i>来自六种不同植物的基因。ZmACBP-GFP融合蛋白在烟草中的瞬时表达(<gydF4y2Bai>烟草<gydF4y2Ba/i>)表皮细胞显示ZmACBPs定位于多个不同的位置。表达谱分析显示<gydF4y2Bai>ZmACBPs公司<gydF4y2Ba/i>在非生物和生物胁迫下表现出时空表达的变化。九个中的八个<gydF4y2Bai>ZMACBP.<gydF4y2Ba/i>在500个玉米自交系中也发现了与农艺性状显著相关的基因。基因的异源本构表达<gydF4y2Bai>ZmACBP1<gydF4y2Ba/i>和<gydF4y2Bai>ZmACBP3<gydF4y2Ba/i>在拟南芥中，可能通过改变脂质代谢和胁迫反应基因的水平来增强这些植物对盐胁迫和干旱胁迫的抗性。<gydF4y2Ba/p> <h3 class="c-article__sub-heading" data-test="abstract-sub-heading">结论<gydF4y2Ba/h3> <p>的<gydF4y2Bai>ACBP<gydF4y2Ba/i>基因家族在不同植物物种间高度保守。<gydF4y2Bai>ZMACBP.<gydF4y2Ba/i>基因具有清晰的组织和器官表达特异性，并且对生物和非生物胁迫的响应性，表明其在植物生长和胁迫性中的作用。<gydF4y2Ba/p> </div> </div> </section> <section data-title="Background"> <div class="c-article-section" id="Sec1-section"> <h2 class="c-article-section__title js-section-title js-c-reading-companion-sections-item" id="Sec1">背景<gydF4y2Ba/h2> <div class="c-article-section__content" id="Sec1-content"> <p>脂类是细胞膜的结构基础和代谢过程的能量来源，也是植物环境胁迫反应的信号分子[<一个d一个ta-track="click" data-track-action="reference anchor" data-track-label="link" data-test="citation-ref" aria-label="Reference 1" title="1gydF4y2Ba" href="//www.cinefiend.com/articles/10.1186/s12870-021-02863-4" id="ref-link-section-d14671e617">1<gydF4y2Ba/a>]. 脂质及其衍生物被转运到细胞中的不同位置，通过各种蛋白质正常发挥作用，如脂质转移蛋白（LTPs）和酰基辅酶a结合蛋白（ACBPs）[<一个d一个ta-track="click" data-track-action="reference anchor" data-track-label="link" data-test="citation-ref" aria-label="Reference 2" title="2gydF4y2Ba" href="//www.cinefiend.com/articles/10.1186/s12870-021-02863-4" id="ref-link-section-d14671e620">2<gydF4y2Ba/a>，<一个d一个ta-track="click" data-track-action="reference anchor" data-track-label="link" data-test="citation-ref" aria-label="Reference 3" title="3.gydF4y2Ba" href="//www.cinefiend.com/articles/10.1186/s12870-021-02863-4" id="ref-link-section-d14671e623">3.<gydF4y2Ba/a>］．在真核生物中的脂肪酸合成（Fas）期间，大部分长链脂肪酸（LCFA，例如C16和C18）首先通过塑性的长链酰基-CoA合成酶（LAC）转化为酰基-COA [<一个d一个ta-track="click" data-track-action="reference anchor" data-track-label="link" data-test="citation-ref" aria-label="Reference 4" title="4gydF4y2Ba" href="//www.cinefiend.com/articles/10.1186/s12870-021-02863-4" id="ref-link-section-d14671e626">4<gydF4y2Ba/a>］．之后，大多数所得产物通过硫酯酶从酰基载体蛋白分离，并在胞浆上转化为16：0-CoA，18：0-CoA和18：1-CoA酯，然后运输到内质网（呃）[<一个d一个ta-track="click" data-track-action="reference anchor" data-track-label="link" data-test="citation-ref" aria-label="Reference 5" title="5gydF4y2Ba" href="//www.cinefiend.com/articles/10.1186/s12870-021-02863-4" id="ref-link-section-d14671e629">5<gydF4y2Ba/a>]. ACBPs含有酰基辅酶a结合（ACB）结构域，该结构域能够与长链酰基辅酶a酯结合以促进酰基辅酶a和脂肪酸从叶绿体或质体到内质网的转运[<一个d一个ta-track="click" data-track-action="reference anchor" data-track-label="link" data-test="citation-ref" aria-label="Reference 6" title="6gydF4y2Ba" href="//www.cinefiend.com/articles/10.1186/s12870-021-02863-4" id="ref-link-section-d14671e633">6<gydF4y2Ba/a>］．<gydF4y2Ba/p> <p>ACBP已经广泛表征了真核生物，其中一些重要的生物学功能识别出[<一个d一个ta-track="click" data-track-action="reference anchor" data-track-label="link" data-test="citation-ref" title="7gydF4y2Ba" href="#ref-CR7" id="ref-link-section-d14671e639">7<gydF4y2Ba/a>，<一个d一个ta-track="click" data-track-action="reference anchor" data-track-label="link" data-test="citation-ref" title="8gydF4y2Ba" href="#ref-CR8" id="ref-link-section-d14671e639_1">8<gydF4y2Ba/a>，<一个d一个ta-track="click" data-track-action="reference anchor" data-track-label="link" data-test="citation-ref" aria-label="Reference 9" title="9gydF4y2Ba" href="//www.cinefiend.com/articles/10.1186/s12870-021-02863-4" id="ref-link-section-d14671e642">9<gydF4y2Ba/a>］．例如，酵母ACBP在血浆膜组装中起重要作用，这些基因中的突变显着影响了许多不同的途径，例如脂肪酸生物合成，甘油代谢和应力反应[<一个d一个ta-track="click" data-track-action="reference anchor" data-track-label="link" data-test="citation-ref" aria-label="Reference 10" title="10.gydF4y2Ba" href="//www.cinefiend.com/articles/10.1186/s12870-021-02863-4" id="ref-link-section-d14671e645">10.<gydF4y2Ba/a>，<一个d一个ta-track="click" data-track-action="reference anchor" data-track-label="link" data-test="citation-ref" aria-label="Reference 11" title="11.gydF4y2Ba" href="//www.cinefiend.com/articles/10.1186/s12870-021-02863-4" id="ref-link-section-d14671e648">11.<gydF4y2Ba/a>]. ACBPs对植物膜的生物合成、酶活性的调节、脂类代谢以及对逆境的反应也有重要作用[<一个d一个ta-track="click" data-track-action="reference anchor" data-track-label="link" data-test="citation-ref" aria-label="Reference 12" title="12.gydF4y2Ba" href="//www.cinefiend.com/articles/10.1186/s12870-021-02863-4" id="ref-link-section-d14671e651">12.<gydF4y2Ba/a>］．基于其域架构，工厂ACBPS可以分为四类：I类（小型ACBPS）仅包含一个ACB域;II类（Ankyrin-ACBP）另外含有C末端的Ankyrin重复;III类（大型ACBPS）是具有C末端ACB结构域的大蛋白质，IV类（Kelch-ACBP）是含有C末端Kelch基序的多域蛋白[<一个d一个ta-track="click" data-track-action="reference anchor" data-track-label="link" data-test="citation-ref" title="13.gydF4y2Ba" href="#ref-CR13" id="ref-link-section-d14671e655">13.<gydF4y2Ba/a>，<一个d一个ta-track="click" data-track-action="reference anchor" data-track-label="link" data-test="citation-ref" title="14.gydF4y2Ba" href="#ref-CR14" id="ref-link-section-d14671e655_1">14.<gydF4y2Ba/a>，<一个d一个ta-track="click" data-track-action="reference anchor" data-track-label="link" data-test="citation-ref" aria-label="Reference 15" title="15.gydF4y2Ba" href="//www.cinefiend.com/articles/10.1186/s12870-021-02863-4" id="ref-link-section-d14671e658">15.<gydF4y2Ba/a>］．<gydF4y2Ba/p> <p>在拟南芥中，有六个基因编码ACBPS（ATACBP1-6），其在结构，表达，亚细胞位置，酰基 - COA酯亲和力和功能中具有自己的特性[<一个d一个ta-track="click" data-track-action="reference anchor" data-track-label="link" data-test="citation-ref" aria-label="Reference 16" title="16.gydF4y2Ba" href="//www.cinefiend.com/articles/10.1186/s12870-021-02863-4" id="ref-link-section-d14671e664">16.<gydF4y2Ba/a>]. AtACBP1（338个氨基酸，37.5 kDa）和AtACBP2（355个氨基酸，38.5 kDa）位于内质网和质膜中，属于Ⅱ类[<一个d一个ta-track="click" data-track-action="reference anchor" data-track-label="link" data-test="citation-ref" aria-label="Reference 17" title="17.gydF4y2Ba" href="//www.cinefiend.com/articles/10.1186/s12870-021-02863-4" id="ref-link-section-d14671e667">17.<gydF4y2Ba/a>]这两种蛋白都能与C18:2-CoA、C18:3-CoA酯、磷脂酰胆碱（PC）和磷脂酸（PA）结合[<一个d一个ta-track="click" data-track-action="reference anchor" data-track-label="link" data-test="citation-ref" aria-label="Reference 18" title="18.gydF4y2Ba" href="//www.cinefiend.com/articles/10.1186/s12870-021-02863-4" id="ref-link-section-d14671e670">18.<gydF4y2Ba/a>］．<gydF4y2Bai>ATACBP1.<gydF4y2Ba/i>在生殖器官中高度表达，例如种子和单片机<gydF4y2Bai>ATACBP2.<gydF4y2Ba/i>在营养器官如根和茎中表达[<一个d一个ta-track="click" data-track-action="reference anchor" data-track-label="link" data-test="citation-ref" aria-label="Reference 18" title="18.gydF4y2Ba" href="//www.cinefiend.com/articles/10.1186/s12870-021-02863-4" id="ref-link-section-d14671e680">18.<gydF4y2Ba/a>］．已知ATACBP1和ATACBP2在维持膜相关的酰基池中的作用，并且还参与各种应力响应，例如冷冻，干旱，CD（II）和氧化应激[<一个d一个ta-track="click" data-track-action="reference anchor" data-track-label="link" data-test="citation-ref" title="17.gydF4y2Ba" href="#ref-CR17" id="ref-link-section-d14671e683">17.<gydF4y2Ba/a>，<一个d一个ta-track="click" data-track-action="reference anchor" data-track-label="link" data-test="citation-ref" title="18.gydF4y2Ba" href="#ref-CR18" id="ref-link-section-d14671e683_1">18.<gydF4y2Ba/a>，<一个d一个ta-track="click" data-track-action="reference anchor" data-track-label="link" data-test="citation-ref" aria-label="Reference 19" title="19.gydF4y2Ba" href="//www.cinefiend.com/articles/10.1186/s12870-021-02863-4" id="ref-link-section-d14671e686">19.<gydF4y2Ba/a>］．ATACBP3（362个氨基酸，39.3kDA）是III类ACBPS，是一种多局部化蛋白，并在膜，细胞外和术中发现[<一个d一个ta-track="click" data-track-action="reference anchor" data-track-label="link" data-test="citation-ref" aria-label="Reference 6" title="6gydF4y2Ba" href="//www.cinefiend.com/articles/10.1186/s12870-021-02863-4" id="ref-link-section-d14671e689">6<gydF4y2Ba/a>］．AtACBP3可以结合花生苷-辅酶a (C20:4)、PC和磷脂酰乙醇胺(PE)，主要存在于果实和幼芽中[<一个d一个ta-track="click" data-track-action="reference anchor" data-track-label="link" data-test="citation-ref" aria-label="Reference 16" title="16.gydF4y2Ba" href="//www.cinefiend.com/articles/10.1186/s12870-021-02863-4" id="ref-link-section-d14671e692">16.<gydF4y2Ba/a>］．ATACBP3在维持正常的脂质平衡方面发挥着重要作用，并且参与了许多生物过程，包括叶片衰老的调节，对病原体感染的反应和其他<一个d一个ta-track="click" data-track-action="reference anchor" data-track-label="link" data-test="citation-ref" aria-label="Reference 20" title="20.gydF4y2Ba" href="//www.cinefiend.com/articles/10.1186/s12870-021-02863-4" id="ref-link-section-d14671e695">20.<gydF4y2Ba/a>］．IV类ACBP包括ATACBP4（668个氨基酸，73.3kDA）和ATACBP5（648个氨基酸，71kDa），它们都是细胞溶质蛋白，可以结合C18：1-CoA和PC [<一个d一个ta-track="click" data-track-action="reference anchor" data-track-label="link" data-test="citation-ref" aria-label="Reference 21" title="21.gydF4y2Ba" href="//www.cinefiend.com/articles/10.1186/s12870-021-02863-4" id="ref-link-section-d14671e699">21.<gydF4y2Ba/a>］．<gydF4y2Bai>ATACBP4.<gydF4y2Ba/i>在根中强烈表达，而表达水平<gydF4y2Bai>ATACBP5<gydF4y2Ba/i>年轻的芽和成熟的叶子较高[<一个d一个ta-track="click" data-track-action="reference anchor" data-track-label="link" data-test="citation-ref" aria-label="Reference 21" title="21.gydF4y2Ba" href="//www.cinefiend.com/articles/10.1186/s12870-021-02863-4" id="ref-link-section-d14671e708">21.<gydF4y2Ba/a>]. AtACBP4和AtACBP5可能通过影响脂质代谢参与花粉发育和防御反应[<一个d一个ta-track="click" data-track-action="reference anchor" data-track-label="link" data-test="citation-ref" aria-label="Reference 22" title="22.gydF4y2Ba" href="//www.cinefiend.com/articles/10.1186/s12870-021-02863-4" id="ref-link-section-d14671e711">22.<gydF4y2Ba/a>，<一个d一个ta-track="click" data-track-action="reference anchor" data-track-label="link" data-test="citation-ref" aria-label="Reference 23" title="23.gydF4y2Ba" href="//www.cinefiend.com/articles/10.1186/s12870-021-02863-4" id="ref-link-section-d14671e714">23.<gydF4y2Ba/a>］．ATACBP6（92个氨基酸，10.4kDa），是最小的ACBPS，被发现局限于胞质溶胶，并且具有高亲和力为16：0-0-CoA和18：2-CoA [<一个d一个ta-track="click" data-track-action="reference anchor" data-track-label="link" data-test="citation-ref" aria-label="Reference 16" title="16.gydF4y2Ba" href="//www.cinefiend.com/articles/10.1186/s12870-021-02863-4" id="ref-link-section-d14671e718">16.<gydF4y2Ba/a>］．ATACBP6在所有植物器官中发现，并涉及植物磷脂代谢中磷脂酰胆碱的细胞内结合和贩运[<一个d一个ta-track="click" data-track-action="reference anchor" data-track-label="link" data-test="citation-ref" aria-label="Reference 16" title="16.gydF4y2Ba" href="//www.cinefiend.com/articles/10.1186/s12870-021-02863-4" id="ref-link-section-d14671e721">16.<gydF4y2Ba/a>，<一个d一个ta-track="click" data-track-action="reference anchor" data-track-label="link" data-test="citation-ref" aria-label="Reference 24" title="24.gydF4y2Ba" href="//www.cinefiend.com/articles/10.1186/s12870-021-02863-4" id="ref-link-section-d14671e724">24.<gydF4y2Ba/a>]. 中国也有六个ACBPs<gydF4y2Bai>水稻<gydF4y2Ba/i>与AtACBPs相比，OsACBPs在底物亲和力、组织表达和应激反应方面存在差异。例如，OsACBP1和OsACBP4分别结合C18:1-CoA和C18:2-CoA，而其他OsACBPs结合C18:3-CoA[<一个d一个ta-track="click" data-track-action="reference anchor" data-track-label="link" data-test="citation-ref" aria-label="Reference 13" title="13.gydF4y2Ba" href="//www.cinefiend.com/articles/10.1186/s12870-021-02863-4" id="ref-link-section-d14671e730">13.<gydF4y2Ba/a>］．以前的工作已经表明表达水平<gydF4y2Bai>OsACBP1型<gydF4y2Ba/i>，<gydF4y2Bai>OsACBP2基因<gydF4y2Ba/i>，和<gydF4y2Bai>OsACBP3型<gydF4y2Ba/i>在干旱和高盐度治疗下没有受影响，而且<gydF4y2Bai>OsACBP4基因<gydF4y2Ba/i>和<gydF4y2Bai>OsACBP5型<gydF4y2Ba/i>是在这些条件下诱导的[<一个d一个ta-track="click" data-track-action="reference anchor" data-track-label="link" data-test="citation-ref" aria-label="Reference 13" title="13.gydF4y2Ba" href="//www.cinefiend.com/articles/10.1186/s12870-021-02863-4" id="ref-link-section-d14671e749">13.<gydF4y2Ba/a>］．<gydF4y2Ba/p> <p>尽管已经对一些植物物种，如拟南芥、水稻和水稻进行了ACBPs的研究<gydF4y2Bai>芸苔栗鸟<gydF4y2Ba/i>迄今为止，还没有对玉米ACBP家族进行全面分析的报道。在这项研究中，我们报道了系统进化，基因表达谱<gydF4y2Bai>ACBP<gydF4y2Ba/i>玉米不同组织或胁迫处理中的基因及其与农艺性状的关系。这些发现有助于进一步研究ZmACBPs在玉米发育和胁迫反应中的生物学功能。<gydF4y2Ba/p> </div> </div> </section> <section data-title="Results"> <div class="c-article-section" id="Sec2-section"> <h2 class="c-article-section__title js-section-title js-c-reading-companion-sections-item" id="Sec2">结果<gydF4y2Ba/h2> <div class="c-article-section__content" id="Sec2-content"> <h3 class="c-article__sub-heading" id="Sec3">ACBP家族基因在不同植物中的分布<gydF4y2Ba/h3> <p>为了确定ACBPs在植物界的分布，利用拟南芥ACBPs的氨基酸序列搜索植物僵尸数据库，获得了22个代表物种的编码ACBPs的基因序列（图。<一个d一个ta-track="click" data-track-label="link" data-track-action="figure anchor" href="//www.cinefiend.com/articles/10.1186/s12870-021-02863-4">1<gydF4y2Ba/a>)．虽然ACBPS在植物王国中普遍存在，但它们的数量和型变化显着变化（图。<一个d一个ta-track="click" data-track-label="link" data-track-action="figure anchor" href="//www.cinefiend.com/articles/10.1186/s12870-021-02863-4">1<gydF4y2Ba/a>). 在陆生植物进化之前分支的绿藻中，<gydF4y2Bai>绿脓介菌<gydF4y2Ba/i>和<gydF4y2Bai>莱茵衣藻<gydF4y2Ba/i>发现有4个和3个<gydF4y2Bai>ACBP<gydF4y2Ba/i>基因（图。<一个d一个ta-track="click" data-track-label="link" data-track-action="figure anchor" href="//www.cinefiend.com/articles/10.1186/s12870-021-02863-4">1<gydF4y2Ba/a>). 有四个<gydF4y2Bai>ACBP<gydF4y2Ba/i>基因<gydF4y2Bai>卷柏moellendorffii<gydF4y2Ba/i>是种子植物的起源。此外<gydF4y2Bai>ACBP<gydF4y2Ba/i>苔藓中的基因增加到8个<gydF4y2Bai>Physcomitrella patens.<gydF4y2Ba/i>，被认为是维管植物的祖先（图。<一个d一个ta-track="click" data-track-label="link" data-track-action="figure anchor" href="//www.cinefiend.com/articles/10.1186/s12870-021-02863-4">1<gydF4y2Ba/a>)．虽然单像最近比苔藓进展得多，但ACBP的基因数量减少到五分之一<gydF4y2Bai>短足<gydF4y2Ba/i>六个在米饭里，六个在米饭里<gydF4y2Bai>高粱<gydF4y2Ba/i>（图。<一个d一个ta-track="click" data-track-label="link" data-track-action="figure anchor" href="//www.cinefiend.com/articles/10.1186/s12870-021-02863-4">1<gydF4y2Ba/a>)．但是，有九个<gydF4y2Bai>ACBP<gydF4y2Ba/i>玉米基因和11 in<gydF4y2Bai>小麦<gydF4y2Ba/i>（图。<一个d一个ta-track="click" data-track-label="link" data-track-action="figure anchor" href="//www.cinefiend.com/articles/10.1186/s12870-021-02863-4">1<gydF4y2Ba/a>). 有趣的是，这似乎与<gydF4y2Bai>ACBP<gydF4y2Ba/i>基因和物种基因组的大小。例如，玉米基因组比玉米基因组大8倍<gydF4y2Bai>B双光子<gydF4y2Ba/i>，但玉米只包含四个<gydF4y2Bai>ACBP<gydF4y2Ba/i>基因（图。<一个d一个ta-track="click" data-track-label="link" data-track-action="figure anchor" href="//www.cinefiend.com/articles/10.1186/s12870-021-02863-4">1<gydF4y2Ba/a>)．与单子叶植物相比，数量<gydF4y2Bai>ACBP<gydF4y2Ba/i>真双子叶植物的基因差异很大。例如，只有三个<gydF4y2Bai>ACBP<gydF4y2Ba/i>基因的<gydF4y2Bai>Medicago truncatula<gydF4y2Ba/i>基因组，而11<gydF4y2Bai>ACBP<gydF4y2Ba/i>基因被发现<gydF4y2Bai>甘氨酸最大<gydF4y2Ba/i>（图。<一个d一个ta-track="click" data-track-label="link" data-track-action="figure anchor" href="//www.cinefiend.com/articles/10.1186/s12870-021-02863-4">1<gydF4y2Ba/a>)．同样，只有六个<gydF4y2Bai>ACBP<gydF4y2Ba/i>基因在拟南芥中，但在<gydF4y2Bai>B. Napus.<gydF4y2Ba/i>（图。<一个d一个ta-track="click" data-track-label="link" data-track-action="figure anchor" href="//www.cinefiend.com/articles/10.1186/s12870-021-02863-4">1<gydF4y2Ba/a>)．<gydF4y2Ba/p> <div class="c-article-section__figure js-c-reading-companion-figures-item" data-test="figure" data-container-section="figure" id="figure-1" data-title="Fig. 1"> <figure> <figcaption> <b id="Fig1" class="c-article-section__figure-caption" data-test="figure-caption-text">图1<gydF4y2Ba/b> </figcaption> <div class="c-article-section__figure-content"> <div class="c-article-section__figure-item"> <a class="c-article-section__figure-link" data-test="img-link" data-track="click" data-track-label="image" data-track-action="view figure" href="//www.cinefiend.com/articles/10.1186/s12870-021-02863-4/figures/1" rel="nofollow"> <picture> <source type="image/webp" srcset="//media.springernature.com/lw685/springer-static/image/art%3A10.1186%2Fs12870-021-02863-4/MediaObjects/12870_2021_2863_Fig1_HTML.png?as=webp"> <img aria-describedby="Fig1" src="https://media.springernature.com/lw685/springer-static/image/art%3A10.1186%2Fs12870-021-02863-4/MediaObjects/12870_2021_2863_Fig1_HTML.png" alt="图1gydF4y2Ba" loading="lazy" width="685" height="373"> </picture></a> </div> <div class="c-article-section__figure-description" data-test="bottom-caption" id="figure-1-desc"> <p>不同植物物种中ACBP家族基因的分布。左侧是来自22种植物物种的系统发育树ACBP;中间是22种植物种类的基因组大小;权利是数量<gydF4y2Bai>ACBP<gydF4y2Ba/i>22种植物的基因。不同颜色的点代表不同的物种（红色，真双子叶植物；浅绿色，绿藻；黄色，单子叶植物；绿色，苔藓）<gydF4y2Ba/p> </div> </div> <div class="u-text-right u-hide-print"> <a class="c-article__pill-button" data-test="article-link" data-track="click" data-track-label="button" data-track-action="view figure" href="//www.cinefiend.com/articles/10.1186/s12870-021-02863-4/figures/1" data-track-dest="link:Figure1 Full size image" aria-label="Full size image figure 1" rel="nofollow"><span>全尺寸镜像<gydF4y2Ba/span> <svg width="16" height="16" focusable="false" role="img" aria-hidden="true" class="u-icon"> <use xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xlink:href="#global-icon-chevron-right"></use> </svg></a> </div> </figure> </div> <h3 class="c-article__sub-heading" id="Sec4">鉴定和表征<gydF4y2Bai>ACBP<gydF4y2Ba/i>玉米中的基因<gydF4y2Ba/h3> <p>在玉米基因组数据库中鉴定了九个推定的ZMACBP序列（<一个href="https://www.maizegdb.org">https://www.maizegdb.org<gydF4y2Ba/a>)，然后被称为ZmACBP1–9<gydF4y2Bai>ZMACBP.<gydF4y2Ba/i>基因家族成员，包括标识符（ID）、基因名、开放阅读框大小（ORF）、外显子数、氨基酸长度、分子量（MW）和蛋白质等电点（PI）如表所示<一个d一个ta-track="click" data-track-label="link" data-track-action="table anchor" href="//www.cinefiend.com/articles/10.1186/s12870-021-02863-4">1<gydF4y2Ba/a>．ZMACBP中的氨基酸（AA）的数量从89AA（ZMACBP1）到783AA（ZMACBP9）不同。如同<gydF4y2Bai>A.拟南芥<gydF4y2Ba/i>在大多数ZmACBPs中，保守的ACB结构域位于N-末端区域，尽管ZmACBP5和ZmACBP6都包含C-末端ACB结构域（附加文件1）<一个d一个ta-track="click" data-track-label="link" data-track-action="supplementary material anchor" href="//www.cinefiend.com/articles/10.1186/s12870-021-02863-4">1<gydF4y2Ba/a>：图S1a）。九ZmACBPs公司were divided into four classes based on their domain structures (Additional file<一个d一个ta-track="click" data-track-label="link" data-track-action="supplementary material anchor" href="//www.cinefiend.com/articles/10.1186/s12870-021-02863-4">1<gydF4y2Ba/a>：图S1a）。类I有两个成员，ZmACBP1和ZmACBP2，它们都只包含一个ACB域（附加文件）<一个d一个ta-track="click" data-track-label="link" data-track-action="supplementary material anchor" href="//www.cinefiend.com/articles/10.1186/s12870-021-02863-4">1<gydF4y2Ba/a>：图。S1A）。ZMACBP3和ZMACBP4具有ACB结构域和Ankyrin重复并属于II类。III类是一个大的ACBP类，有ZMACBP5和ZMACBP6（附加文件<一个d一个ta-track="click" data-track-label="link" data-track-action="supplementary material anchor" href="//www.cinefiend.com/articles/10.1186/s12870-021-02863-4">1<gydF4y2Ba/a>：图S1a）。ZmACBP7、ZmACBP8和ZmACBP9分别具有一个ACB结构域和一个kelch基序，属于第四类（附加文件）<一个d一个ta-track="click" data-track-label="link" data-track-action="supplementary material anchor" href="//www.cinefiend.com/articles/10.1186/s12870-021-02863-4">1<gydF4y2Ba/a>：图S1a）。九<gydF4y2Bai>ZMACBP.<gydF4y2Ba/i>基因位于5个不同的染色体(表<一个d一个ta-track="click" data-track-label="link" data-track-action="table anchor" href="//www.cinefiend.com/articles/10.1186/s12870-021-02863-4">1<gydF4y2Ba/a>，附加文件<一个d一个ta-track="click" data-track-label="link" data-track-action="supplementary material anchor" href="//www.cinefiend.com/articles/10.1186/s12870-021-02863-4">1<gydF4y2Ba/a>:图印地)。三<gydF4y2Bai>ZMACBP.<gydF4y2Ba/i>基因位于染色体1,2<gydF4y2Bai>ZMACBP.<gydF4y2Ba/i>在5号或10号染色体上发现了基因，只有一个<gydF4y2Bai>ZMACBP.<gydF4y2Ba/i>基因位于染色体2和9(附加文件<一个d一个ta-track="click" data-track-label="link" data-track-action="supplementary material anchor" href="//www.cinefiend.com/articles/10.1186/s12870-021-02863-4">1<gydF4y2Ba/a>:图印地)。检查各部位<gydF4y2Bai>ZMACBP.<gydF4y2Ba/i>吉恩透露<gydF4y2Bai>ZmACBP7<gydF4y2Ba/i>和<gydF4y2Bai>ZmACBP8<gydF4y2Ba/i>是串联重复安排的(附加文件<一个d一个ta-track="click" data-track-label="link" data-track-action="supplementary material anchor" href="//www.cinefiend.com/articles/10.1186/s12870-021-02863-4">1<gydF4y2Ba/a>：图S1b）。对玉米与水稻的共线性图谱进行了比较分析，结果表明，9个品种中有7个品种的共线性图谱是一致的<gydF4y2Bai>ZMACBP.<gydF4y2Ba/i>基因在稻米中具有共线基因（附加文件<一个d一个ta-track="click" data-track-label="link" data-track-action="supplementary material anchor" href="//www.cinefiend.com/articles/10.1186/s12870-021-02863-4">1<gydF4y2Ba/a>：图S1c；附加文件<一个d一个ta-track="click" data-track-label="link" data-track-action="supplementary material anchor" href="//www.cinefiend.com/articles/10.1186/s12870-021-02863-4">2<gydF4y2Ba/a>：表S1）。这表明共线对可能来自一个共同的祖先。<gydF4y2Ba/p> <div class="c-article-table" data-test="inline-table" data-container-section="table" id="table-1"> <figure> <figcaption class="c-article-table__figcaption"> <b id="Tab1" data-test="table-caption">表1项目概况<gydF4y2Bai>ACBP<gydF4y2Ba/i>玉米中的基因。ID：标识符；开放阅读框架；PI：等电点；MW：分子量；aa：氨基酸<gydF4y2Ba/b> </figcaption> <div class="u-text-right u-hide-print"> <a class="c-article__pill-button" data-test="table-link" data-track="click" data-track-action="view table" data-track-label="button" rel="nofollow" href="//www.cinefiend.com/articles/10.1186/s12870-021-02863-4/tables/1" aria-label="Full size table 1"><span>全尺寸表<gydF4y2Ba/span> <svg width="16" height="16" focusable="false" role="img" aria-hidden="true" class="u-icon"> <use xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xlink:href="#global-icon-chevron-right"></use> </svg></a> </div> </figure> </div> <h3 class="c-article__sub-heading" id="Sec5">系统发育关系，基因结构和保守的主题<gydF4y2Bai>ZMACBP.<gydF4y2Ba/i>玉米中的基因<gydF4y2Ba/h3> <p>为了分析不同物种的ACBPs之间的进化关系，我们对9个ZmACBPs、6个AtACBPs、6个OsACBPs、11个TaACBPs、5个BdACBPs和11个GlACBPs的序列进行了比对，并用邻接法生成了一个无根系统发育树。共有48个ACBP序列，包括9个ZMACBP，被分为4个ACBP类（图。<一个d一个ta-track="click" data-track-label="link" data-track-action="figure anchor" href="//www.cinefiend.com/articles/10.1186/s12870-021-02863-4">2<gydF4y2Ba/a>)．系统发育树清楚地表明，所有Zmacbps都更有可能形成较近群的植入物，从密切相关的物种，如米饭，<gydF4y2Bai>B双光子<gydF4y2Ba/i>，和<gydF4y2Bai>t . aestivum<gydF4y2Ba/i>．相反，来自更远距离相关物种的ACBP形成了更远的簇分支（图。<一个d一个ta-track="click" data-track-label="link" data-track-action="figure anchor" href="//www.cinefiend.com/articles/10.1186/s12870-021-02863-4">2<gydF4y2Ba/a>)．<gydF4y2Ba/p> <div class="c-article-section__figure js-c-reading-companion-figures-item" data-test="figure" data-container-section="figure" id="figure-2" data-title="Fig. 2"> <figure> <figcaption> <b id="Fig2" class="c-article-section__figure-caption" data-test="figure-caption-text">图2<gydF4y2Ba/b> </figcaption> <div class="c-article-section__figure-content"> <div class="c-article-section__figure-item"> <a class="c-article-section__figure-link" data-test="img-link" data-track="click" data-track-label="image" data-track-action="view figure" href="//www.cinefiend.com/articles/10.1186/s12870-021-02863-4/figures/2" rel="nofollow"> <picture> <source type="image/webp" srcset="//media.springernature.com/lw685/springer-static/image/art%3A10.1186%2Fs12870-021-02863-4/MediaObjects/12870_2021_2863_Fig2_HTML.png?as=webp"> <img aria-describedby="Fig2" src="https://media.springernature.com/lw685/springer-static/image/art%3A10.1186%2Fs12870-021-02863-4/MediaObjects/12870_2021_2863_Fig2_HTML.png" alt="图2gydF4y2Ba" loading="lazy" width="685" height="626"> </picture></a> </div> <div class="c-article-section__figure-description" data-test="bottom-caption" id="figure-2-desc"> <p>玉米ACBP家族基因的系统发育关系，基因结构和保守的基序。使用Mega 7.1软件通过具有1000个引导复制的邻近的方法使用Mega 7.1软件构建系统发育树。不同<gydF4y2Bai>ACBP<gydF4y2Ba/i>课程标有不同颜色的点：绿色，I级;黄色，二等;蓝色，第三级;红色，四年级。黄色盒子和灰色线分别代表外显子和内含子。宽盒不同颜色代表不同的保守主题。尺度分别被称为外显子，内含子和图案的长度<gydF4y2Ba/p> </div> </div> <div class="u-text-right u-hide-print"> <a class="c-article__pill-button" data-test="article-link" data-track="click" data-track-label="button" data-track-action="view figure" href="//www.cinefiend.com/articles/10.1186/s12870-021-02863-4/figures/2" data-track-dest="link:Figure2 Full size image" aria-label="Full size image figure 2" rel="nofollow"><span>全尺寸镜像<gydF4y2Ba/span> <svg width="16" height="16" focusable="false" role="img" aria-hidden="true" class="u-icon"> <use xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xlink:href="#global-icon-chevron-right"></use> </svg></a> </div> </figure> </div> <p>分析外显子/内含子结构<gydF4y2Bai>ZMACBP.<gydF4y2Ba/i>基因显示，外显子的数量在家族内显著不同，大多在3到6个之间，然而<gydF4y2Bai>ZmACBP7型/− 8/− 9<gydF4y2Ba/i>有最多的外显子（最多18个外显子，图。<一个d一个ta-track="click" data-track-label="link" data-track-action="figure anchor" href="//www.cinefiend.com/articles/10.1186/s12870-021-02863-4">2<gydF4y2Ba/a>)．有趣的是，在每一类动物中都发现了相似的基因结构。例如，大多数<gydF4y2Bai>ACBPs公司<gydF4y2Ba/i>在第一类中包含四个外显子，而大多数第二类和第三类<gydF4y2Bai>ACBPs公司<gydF4y2Ba/i>含有七个。绝大多数<gydF4y2Bai>ACBPs公司<gydF4y2Ba/i>而在第四类中，有18个外显子（图。<一个d一个ta-track="click" data-track-label="link" data-track-action="figure anchor" href="//www.cinefiend.com/articles/10.1186/s12870-021-02863-4">2<gydF4y2Ba/a>). 此外，使用在线模因工具在ACBP中共鉴定出10个保守基序，并且所有的ACBP蛋白质都有两个不同的保守基序（基序1和基序2），它们包含在ACB结构域中（图。<一个d一个ta-track="click" data-track-label="link" data-track-action="figure anchor" href="//www.cinefiend.com/articles/10.1186/s12870-021-02863-4">2<gydF4y2Ba/a>). Ⅱ类ACBPs的C末端有两个基序（8和10），对应于锚蛋白重复序列。Ⅳ类ACBPs含有多个基序（3、4、5、6和7），对应于C末端kelch结构域（图。<一个d一个ta-track="click" data-track-label="link" data-track-action="figure anchor" href="//www.cinefiend.com/articles/10.1186/s12870-021-02863-4">2<gydF4y2Ba/a>)．值得注意的是，在同一地图林中聚集的ACBP具有类似的域架构，这表明ACBP在进化期间高度保守。<gydF4y2Ba/p> <h3 class="c-article__sub-heading" id="Sec6"><i>独联体<gydF4y2Ba/i>-上市公司发起人的监管要素<gydF4y2Bai>ZMACBP.<gydF4y2Ba/i>基因<gydF4y2Ba/h3> <p>进一步探讨其功能和调控模式<gydF4y2Bai>ZMACBP.<gydF4y2Ba/i>基因，这<gydF4y2Bai>独联体<gydF4y2Ba/i>-1500个地区的代理监管机构 9个起始密码子上游的bp<gydF4y2Bai>ZMACBP.<gydF4y2Ba/i>在植物护理数据库中搜索基因组序列。多重守恒<gydF4y2Bai>独联体<gydF4y2Ba/i>-调控因素被发现驻留在<gydF4y2Bai>ZMACBP.<gydF4y2Ba/i>促进剂，不同成员中发现的显着变化（图。<一个d一个ta-track="click" data-track-label="link" data-track-action="figure anchor" href="//www.cinefiend.com/articles/10.1186/s12870-021-02863-4">3.<gydF4y2Ba/a>，附加文件<一个d一个ta-track="click" data-track-label="link" data-track-action="supplementary material anchor" href="//www.cinefiend.com/articles/10.1186/s12870-021-02863-4">3.<gydF4y2Ba/a>：表S2）。这个<gydF4y2Bai>独联体<gydF4y2Ba/i>-作用调节元件可能参与许多生理过程，例如，发育相关、激素反应和环境反应。在所有9个基因的启动子区域都发现了分生组织表达元件<gydF4y2Bai>ZMACBP.<gydF4y2Ba/i>基因，提示整个家族可能在分化中发挥作用。很多<gydF4y2Bai>独联体<gydF4y2Ba/i>-参与激素反应的元件，包括脱落酸反应元件（ABRE）、MeJA反应元件（TGACG基序和CGTCA基序）、水杨酸反应元件（TCA基序和SARE）、生长素反应元件（TGA基序和AuxRR核）和赤霉素反应元件（TATC-box、P-box和GARE基序），在大多数<gydF4y2Bai>ZmABCP公司<gydF4y2Ba/i>基因启动子（图。<一个d一个ta-track="click" data-track-label="link" data-track-action="figure anchor" href="//www.cinefiend.com/articles/10.1186/s12870-021-02863-4">3.<gydF4y2Ba/a>)，表明<gydF4y2Bai>ZmABCP公司<gydF4y2Ba/i>基因可能参与生长和发展。另外，一些<gydF4y2Bai>独联体<gydF4y2Ba/i>-一些被认为与环境胁迫反应有关的元素，如低温反应元件（LTR）、干旱诱导元件（MBS）、无氧诱导反应元件（ARE）以及防御和应激反应元件（AT-rich和TC-rich重复序列）<gydF4y2Bai>ZMACBP.<gydF4y2Ba/i>基因启动子。例如，一个<gydF4y2Bai>独联体<gydF4y2Ba/i>- 在启动子中发现了低温响应性的元素<gydF4y2Bai>ZmACBP4<gydF4y2Ba/i>和<gydF4y2Bai>ZmACBP5<gydF4y2Ba/i>（图。<一个d一个ta-track="click" data-track-label="link" data-track-action="figure anchor" href="//www.cinefiend.com/articles/10.1186/s12870-021-02863-4">3.<gydF4y2Ba/a>的启动子中含有防御和应激反应成分<gydF4y2Bai>ZmACBP1<gydF4y2Ba/i>和<gydF4y2Bai>ZmACBP9<gydF4y2Ba/i>（图。<一个d一个ta-track="click" data-track-label="link" data-track-action="figure anchor" href="//www.cinefiend.com/articles/10.1186/s12870-021-02863-4">3.<gydF4y2Ba/a>)．<gydF4y2Ba/p> <div class="c-article-section__figure js-c-reading-companion-figures-item" data-test="figure" data-container-section="figure" id="figure-3" data-title="Fig. 3"> <figure> <figcaption> <b id="Fig3" class="c-article-section__figure-caption" data-test="figure-caption-text">图3<gydF4y2Ba/b> </figcaption> <div class="c-article-section__figure-content"> <div class="c-article-section__figure-item"> <a class="c-article-section__figure-link" data-test="img-link" data-track="click" data-track-label="image" data-track-action="view figure" href="//www.cinefiend.com/articles/10.1186/s12870-021-02863-4/figures/3" rel="nofollow"> <picture> <source type="image/webp" srcset="//media.springernature.com/lw685/springer-static/image/art%3A10.1186%2Fs12870-021-02863-4/MediaObjects/12870_2021_2863_Fig3_HTML.png?as=webp"> <img aria-describedby="Fig3" src="https://media.springernature.com/lw685/springer-static/image/art%3A10.1186%2Fs12870-021-02863-4/MediaObjects/12870_2021_2863_Fig3_HTML.png" alt="图3gydF4y2Ba" loading="lazy" width="685" height="245"> </picture></a> </div> <div class="c-article-section__figure-description" data-test="bottom-caption" id="figure-3-desc"> <p>推定的监管<gydF4y2Bai>独联体<gydF4y2Ba/i>- 玉米ACBP家族基因启动子的元素。不同颜色的盒子代表不同<gydF4y2Bai>独联体<gydF4y2Ba/i>-元素<gydF4y2Ba/p> </div> </div> <div class="u-text-right u-hide-print"> <a class="c-article__pill-button" data-test="article-link" data-track="click" data-track-label="button" data-track-action="view figure" href="//www.cinefiend.com/articles/10.1186/s12870-021-02863-4/figures/3" data-track-dest="link:Figure3 Full size image" aria-label="Full size image figure 3" rel="nofollow"><span>全尺寸镜像<gydF4y2Ba/span> <svg width="16" height="16" focusable="false" role="img" aria-hidden="true" class="u-icon"> <use xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xlink:href="#global-icon-chevron-right"></use> </svg></a> </div> </figure> </div> <h3 class="c-article__sub-heading" id="Sec7">ZmACBPs的亚细胞定位<gydF4y2Ba/h3> <p>从四个类别中随机选择一个ZmACBP连接到GFP标签上，由CaMV驱动<gydF4y2Bai>35年代<gydF4y2Ba/i>发起人。然后这些结构在细胞中瞬时表达<gydF4y2Bai>烟草<gydF4y2Ba/i>测定叶表皮细胞亚细胞定位。在<gydF4y2Bai>N. Benthamiana.<gydF4y2Ba/i>叶片表皮细胞，在核和细胞质中观察到GFP对照的荧光（图。<一个d一个ta-track="click" data-track-label="link" data-track-action="figure anchor" href="//www.cinefiend.com/articles/10.1186/s12870-021-02863-4">4<gydF4y2Ba/a>a). ZmACBP1::GFP荧光信号只在细胞质中发现，在细胞核中根本没有发现(图)。<一个d一个ta-track="click" data-track-label="link" data-track-action="figure anchor" href="//www.cinefiend.com/articles/10.1186/s12870-021-02863-4">4<gydF4y2Ba/a>b），表明该蛋白质可能局限于细胞溶胶。进一步确认ZmacBP1的亚细胞定位，<gydF4y2Bai>35年代<gydF4y2Ba/i>：ZmACBP1：：GFP瞬时表达于<gydF4y2Bai>A.拟南芥<gydF4y2Ba/i>叶片原生质体，在该系统中检测到类似的细胞质特异性信号（附加文件<一个d一个ta-track="click" data-track-label="link" data-track-action="supplementary material anchor" href="//www.cinefiend.com/articles/10.1186/s12870-021-02863-4">4<gydF4y2Ba/a>：图。S2）。ZmacBP3 :: GFP的GFP荧光信号分布在核周围的ER处（图。<一个d一个ta-track="click" data-track-label="link" data-track-action="figure anchor" href="//www.cinefiend.com/articles/10.1186/s12870-021-02863-4">4<gydF4y2Ba/a>c).共转染ZmACBP3::GFP，确定该蛋白的ER定位<gydF4y2Bai>N. Benthamiana.<gydF4y2Ba/i>叶表皮细胞与ER标记ZmBiP-RFP(图。<一个d一个ta-track="click" data-track-label="link" data-track-action="figure anchor" href="//www.cinefiend.com/articles/10.1186/s12870-021-02863-4">4<gydF4y2Ba/a>d）是的。GFP（图。<一个d一个ta-track="click" data-track-label="link" data-track-action="figure anchor" href="//www.cinefiend.com/articles/10.1186/s12870-021-02863-4">4<gydF4y2Ba/a>c）和RFP（图。<一个d一个ta-track="click" data-track-label="link" data-track-action="figure anchor" href="//www.cinefiend.com/articles/10.1186/s12870-021-02863-4">4<gydF4y2Ba/a>d）发现信号重叠（图。<一个d一个ta-track="click" data-track-label="link" data-track-action="figure anchor" href="//www.cinefiend.com/articles/10.1186/s12870-021-02863-4">4<gydF4y2Ba/a>n)，表明ZmACBP3::GFP是er相关蛋白。ZmACBP6::GFP和ZmACBP7::GFP在烟草叶片表皮细胞中的分布与GFP对照相似。<一个d一个ta-track="click" data-track-label="link" data-track-action="figure anchor" href="//www.cinefiend.com/articles/10.1186/s12870-021-02863-4">4<gydF4y2Ba/a>e和f），同时在核定地中消失。这些结果与在拟南芥叶片原生质体中看到的结果一致（附加文件<一个d一个ta-track="click" data-track-label="link" data-track-action="supplementary material anchor" href="//www.cinefiend.com/articles/10.1186/s12870-021-02863-4">4<gydF4y2Ba/a>：图S2），表明ZmACBP6和ZmACBP7靶向于胞浆和质膜。<gydF4y2Ba/p> <div class="c-article-section__figure js-c-reading-companion-figures-item" data-test="figure" data-container-section="figure" id="figure-4" data-title="Fig. 4"> <figure> <figcaption> <b id="Fig4" class="c-article-section__figure-caption" data-test="figure-caption-text">图4<gydF4y2Ba/b> </figcaption> <div class="c-article-section__figure-content"> <div class="c-article-section__figure-item"> <a class="c-article-section__figure-link" data-test="img-link" data-track="click" data-track-label="image" data-track-action="view figure" href="//www.cinefiend.com/articles/10.1186/s12870-021-02863-4/figures/4" rel="nofollow"> <picture> <source type="image/webp" srcset="//media.springernature.com/lw685/springer-static/image/art%3A10.1186%2Fs12870-021-02863-4/MediaObjects/12870_2021_2863_Fig4_HTML.png?as=webp"> <img aria-describedby="Fig4" src="https://media.springernature.com/lw685/springer-static/image/art%3A10.1186%2Fs12870-021-02863-4/MediaObjects/12870_2021_2863_Fig4_HTML.png" alt="图4gydF4y2Ba" loading="lazy" width="685" height="432"> </picture></a> </div> <div class="c-article-section__figure-description" data-test="bottom-caption" id="figure-4-desc"> <p>共聚焦激光扫描显微镜通过共聚焦激光扫描烟草表皮细胞Zmacbps的亚细胞局部。<bgydF4y2Ba>A-F.<gydF4y2Ba/b>ZmACBPs-GFP融合蛋白；<bgydF4y2Ba>g-k<gydF4y2Ba/b>亮场；<bgydF4y2Ba>L-P.<gydF4y2Ba/b>合并与GFP荧光的明亮场的图像;<bgydF4y2Ba>d<gydF4y2Ba/b>ER标记，ZMBIP-RFP。GFP控制，<gydF4y2Bai>35年代<gydF4y2Ba/i>::GFP来自pBI-eGFP病媒控制<gydF4y2Ba/p> </div> </div> <div class="u-text-right u-hide-print"> <a class="c-article__pill-button" data-test="article-link" data-track="click" data-track-label="button" data-track-action="view figure" href="//www.cinefiend.com/articles/10.1186/s12870-021-02863-4/figures/4" data-track-dest="link:Figure4 Full size image" aria-label="Full size image figure 4" rel="nofollow"><span>全尺寸镜像<gydF4y2Ba/span> <svg width="16" height="16" focusable="false" role="img" aria-hidden="true" class="u-icon"> <use xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xlink:href="#global-icon-chevron-right"></use> </svg></a> </div> </figure> </div> <h3 class="c-article__sub-heading" id="Sec8">的表达谱<gydF4y2Bai>ZMACBP.<gydF4y2Ba/i>在不同的器官和发育阶段<gydF4y2Ba/h3> <p>分析9个基因的表达谱<gydF4y2Bai>ZMACBP.<gydF4y2Ba/i>基因在玉米发育过程中，其转录模式是基于微阵列数据（玉米eFP浏览器，<一个href="http://bar.utoronto.ca/efp_maize/cgi-bin/efpWeb.cgi?dataSource=Sekhon_et_al_Atlas">http://bar.utoronto.ca/efp_maize/cgi-bin/efpWeb.cgi?dataSource=Sekhon_et_al_Atlas<gydF4y2Ba/a>)在玉米的60个不同组织或发育阶段。微阵列数据的热图显示<gydF4y2Bai>ZmACBPs公司<gydF4y2Ba/i>可分为四大类（图。<一个d一个ta-track="click" data-track-label="link" data-track-action="figure anchor" href="//www.cinefiend.com/articles/10.1186/s12870-021-02863-4">5<gydF4y2Ba/a>a）是的。群集我包括<gydF4y2Bai>ZmACBP5<gydF4y2Ba/i>和<gydF4y2Bai>ZmACBP9<gydF4y2Ba/i>在第13叶和胚乳中高表达（18 ~ 22dap，授粉后3d），其它组织中DAP含量较低。<一个d一个ta-track="click" data-track-label="link" data-track-action="figure anchor" href="//www.cinefiend.com/articles/10.1186/s12870-021-02863-4">5<gydF4y2Ba/a>a）是的。第二簇包含两个基因，<gydF4y2Bai>ZmACBP4<gydF4y2Ba/i>和<gydF4y2Bai>ZmACBP7<gydF4y2Ba/i>在第八和第十三叶中高表达（图。<一个d一个ta-track="click" data-track-label="link" data-track-action="figure anchor" href="//www.cinefiend.com/articles/10.1186/s12870-021-02863-4">5<gydF4y2Ba/a>a). III类基因，<gydF4y2Bai>ZmACBP1<gydF4y2Ba/i>，<gydF4y2Bai>ZmACBP2<gydF4y2Ba/i>，<gydF4y2Bai>ZmACBP6<gydF4y2Ba/i>，和<gydF4y2Bai>ZmACBP8<gydF4y2Ba/i>，在胚乳中高表达（12 ~ 24）和种子（图。<一个d一个ta-track="click" data-track-label="link" data-track-action="figure anchor" href="//www.cinefiend.com/articles/10.1186/s12870-021-02863-4">5<gydF4y2Ba/a>a）是的。<gydF4y2Bai>ZmACBP3<gydF4y2Ba/i>在胚胎中高表达（18 ~ 22 DAP）（图。<一个d一个ta-track="click" data-track-label="link" data-track-action="figure anchor" href="//www.cinefiend.com/articles/10.1186/s12870-021-02863-4">5<gydF4y2Ba/a>a）是的。<gydF4y2Ba/p> <div class="c-article-section__figure js-c-reading-companion-figures-item" data-test="figure" data-container-section="figure" id="figure-5" data-title="Fig. 5"> <figure> <figcaption> <b id="Fig5" class="c-article-section__figure-caption" data-test="figure-caption-text">图5<gydF4y2Ba/b> </figcaption> <div class="c-article-section__figure-content"> <div class="c-article-section__figure-item"> <a class="c-article-section__figure-link" data-test="img-link" data-track="click" data-track-label="image" data-track-action="view figure" href="//www.cinefiend.com/articles/10.1186/s12870-021-02863-4/figures/5" rel="nofollow"> <picture> <source type="image/webp" srcset="//media.springernature.com/lw685/springer-static/image/art%3A10.1186%2Fs12870-021-02863-4/MediaObjects/12870_2021_2863_Fig5_HTML.png?as=webp"> <img aria-describedby="Fig5" src="https://media.springernature.com/lw685/springer-static/image/art%3A10.1186%2Fs12870-021-02863-4/MediaObjects/12870_2021_2863_Fig5_HTML.png" alt="图5gydF4y2Ba" loading="lazy" width="685" height="719"> </picture></a> </div> <div class="c-article-section__figure-description" data-test="bottom-caption" id="figure-5-desc"> <p>ACBP系列基因组织表达模式<gydF4y2Bai>玉米<gydF4y2Ba/i>．<bgydF4y2Ba>一个<gydF4y2Ba/b>分层聚类和九个分类<gydF4y2Bai>ZMACBP.<gydF4y2Ba/i>基于RNA-seq数据的基因。<bgydF4y2Ba>b<gydF4y2Ba/b>9种基因的组织特异性表达模式<gydF4y2Bai>ZMACBP.<gydF4y2Ba/i>采用实时定量PCR技术对玉米根、茎、叶、丝、幼穗、花药和籽粒（10dap）中的基因进行了分析。表达水平标准化为玉米桶核糖基化因子的表达水平。数据代表平均值 ± 重复3次。不同的字母表示组织间的值在0.01处显著偏离<gydF4y2Ba/p> </div> </div> <div class="u-text-right u-hide-print"> <a class="c-article__pill-button" data-test="article-link" data-track="click" data-track-label="button" data-track-action="view figure" href="//www.cinefiend.com/articles/10.1186/s12870-021-02863-4/figures/5" data-track-dest="link:Figure5 Full size image" aria-label="Full size image figure 5" rel="nofollow"><span>全尺寸镜像<gydF4y2Ba/span> <svg width="16" height="16" focusable="false" role="img" aria-hidden="true" class="u-icon"> <use xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xlink:href="#global-icon-chevron-right"></use> </svg></a> </div> </figure> </div> <p>用qRT-PCR方法检测9个基因的表达水平<gydF4y2Bai>ZMACBP.<gydF4y2Ba/i>根、茎、叶、丝、幼穗、花药和幼粒中的基因（10 DAP）（图。<一个d一个ta-track="click" data-track-label="link" data-track-action="figure anchor" href="//www.cinefiend.com/articles/10.1186/s12870-021-02863-4">5<gydF4y2Ba/a>b）是的。全部九个<gydF4y2Bai>ZMACBP.<gydF4y2Ba/i>在所有组织中都检测到转录物，并且在许多（但不是所有）病例中qRT-PCR数据与微阵列数据一致。例如，<gydF4y2Bai>ZmACBP1<gydF4y2Ba/i>，<gydF4y2Bai>ZmACBP2<gydF4y2Ba/i>，和<gydF4y2Bai>ZmACBP5<gydF4y2Ba/i>在叶子中比在其他器官或组织中更高度表达（图。<一个d一个ta-track="click" data-track-label="link" data-track-action="figure anchor" href="//www.cinefiend.com/articles/10.1186/s12870-021-02863-4">5<gydF4y2Ba/a>b）是的。<gydF4y2Bai>ZmACBP3<gydF4y2Ba/i>在籽粒中的表达更高，在其他器官中的表达水平几乎相同（图。<一个d一个ta-track="click" data-track-label="link" data-track-action="figure anchor" href="//www.cinefiend.com/articles/10.1186/s12870-021-02863-4">5<gydF4y2Ba/a>b）是的。<gydF4y2Bai>ZmACBP4<gydF4y2Ba/i>在根中表达量较高，在叶中表达量较低(图。<一个d一个ta-track="click" data-track-label="link" data-track-action="figure anchor" href="//www.cinefiend.com/articles/10.1186/s12870-021-02863-4">5<gydF4y2Ba/a>b）是的。<gydF4y2Bai>ZmACBP6<gydF4y2Ba/i>cob中表达量最高，而<gydF4y2Bai>ZmACBP7<gydF4y2Ba/i>和<gydF4y2Bai>ZmACBP8<gydF4y2Ba/i>二者均在茎中强烈表达（图。<一个d一个ta-track="click" data-track-label="link" data-track-action="figure anchor" href="//www.cinefiend.com/articles/10.1186/s12870-021-02863-4">5<gydF4y2Ba/a>b）是的。<gydF4y2Bai>ZmACBP9<gydF4y2Ba/i>在蚕丝和果仁10dap中表达较高，在茎中表达次之，在叶中表达最低（图1）。<一个d一个ta-track="click" data-track-label="link" data-track-action="figure anchor" href="//www.cinefiend.com/articles/10.1186/s12870-021-02863-4">5<gydF4y2Ba/a>b）是的。<gydF4y2Ba/p> <h3 class="c-article__sub-heading" id="Sec9">区域关联图<gydF4y2Bai>ZMACBP.<gydF4y2Ba/i>基因<gydF4y2Ba/h3> <p>探索潜在的影响<gydF4y2Bai>ZMACBP.<gydF4y2Ba/i>利用500个不同玉米自交系的关联图谱，研究了玉米农艺性状基因间的关联性<gydF4y2Bai>ZMACBP.<gydF4y2Ba/i>基因和农艺性状。一共八个<gydF4y2Bai>ZMACBP.<gydF4y2Ba/i>发现基因与一种或多种农艺性状显着相关（<gydF4y2Bai>P<gydF4y2Ba/i><u><<gydF4y2Ba/u>0.05），包括株高、穗高、穗粗、百粒重、吐丝时间、抽穗期、粒宽等（附加文件）<一个d一个ta-track="click" data-track-label="link" data-track-action="supplementary material anchor" href="//www.cinefiend.com/articles/10.1186/s12870-021-02863-4">5<gydF4y2Ba/a>：表S3）。此外，一些人<gydF4y2Bai>ZMACBP.<gydF4y2Ba/i>基因被发现有很强的相关性(<gydF4y2Bai>P<gydF4y2Ba/i><u><<gydF4y2Ba/u>主要农艺性状，如籽粒产量、开花期和籽粒相关性状。例如,<gydF4y2Bai>ZmACBP3<gydF4y2Ba/i>（图。<一个d一个ta-track="click" data-track-label="link" data-track-action="figure anchor" href="//www.cinefiend.com/articles/10.1186/s12870-021-02863-4">6<gydF4y2Ba/a>a）哦，<gydF4y2Bai>ZmACBP4<gydF4y2Ba/i>（图。<一个d一个ta-track="click" data-track-label="link" data-track-action="figure anchor" href="//www.cinefiend.com/articles/10.1186/s12870-021-02863-4">6<gydF4y2Ba/a>b），和<gydF4y2Bai>ZmACBP7<gydF4y2Ba/i>（图。<一个d一个ta-track="click" data-track-label="link" data-track-action="figure anchor" href="//www.cinefiend.com/articles/10.1186/s12870-021-02863-4">6<gydF4y2Ba/a>c）与穗高、粒宽、抽穗期显著相关<gydF4y2Bai>P<gydF4y2Ba/i><u><<gydF4y2Ba/u>分别为0.01。此外，在<gydF4y2Bai>ZMACBP.<gydF4y2Ba/i>此外，还研究了玉米籽粒中的表达水平和含油量（图。<一个d一个ta-track="click" data-track-label="link" data-track-action="figure anchor" href="//www.cinefiend.com/articles/10.1186/s12870-021-02863-4">6<gydF4y2Ba/a>d）是的。在<gydF4y2Bai>P<gydF4y2Ba/i> ≤ 0.01，5个基因的表达水平(<gydF4y2Bai>ZmACBP1<gydF4y2Ba/i>，<gydF4y2Bai>ZmACBP2<gydF4y2Ba/i>，<gydF4y2Bai>ZmACBP4<gydF4y2Ba/i>，<gydF4y2Bai>ZmACBP5<gydF4y2Ba/i>，和<gydF4y2Bai>ZmACBP9<gydF4y2Ba/i>)与玉米籽粒含油量直接相关(图1)。<一个d一个ta-track="click" data-track-label="link" data-track-action="figure anchor" href="//www.cinefiend.com/articles/10.1186/s12870-021-02863-4">6<gydF4y2Ba/a>D;附加文件<一个d一个ta-track="click" data-track-label="link" data-track-action="supplementary material anchor" href="//www.cinefiend.com/articles/10.1186/s12870-021-02863-4">6<gydF4y2Ba/a>：表S4）。这些结果表明<gydF4y2Bai>ZMACBP.<gydF4y2Ba/i>这些基因可能与玉米的发育和籽粒相关性状有关。<gydF4y2Ba/p> <div class="c-article-section__figure js-c-reading-companion-figures-item" data-test="figure" data-container-section="figure" id="figure-6" data-title="Fig. 6"> <figure> <figcaption> <b id="Fig6" class="c-article-section__figure-caption" data-test="figure-caption-text">图6<gydF4y2Ba/b> </figcaption> <div class="c-article-section__figure-content"> <div class="c-article-section__figure-item"> <a class="c-article-section__figure-link" data-test="img-link" data-track="click" data-track-label="image" data-track-action="view figure" href="//www.cinefiend.com/articles/10.1186/s12870-021-02863-4/figures/6" rel="nofollow"> <picture> <source type="image/webp" srcset="//media.springernature.com/lw685/springer-static/image/art%3A10.1186%2Fs12870-021-02863-4/MediaObjects/12870_2021_2863_Fig6_HTML.png?as=webp"> <img aria-describedby="Fig6" src="https://media.springernature.com/lw685/springer-static/image/art%3A10.1186%2Fs12870-021-02863-4/MediaObjects/12870_2021_2863_Fig6_HTML.png" alt="图6gydF4y2Ba" loading="lazy" width="685" height="450"> </picture></a> </div> <div class="c-article-section__figure-description" data-test="bottom-caption" id="figure-6-desc"> <p>区域协会<gydF4y2Bai>ZMACBP.<gydF4y2Ba/i>与农艺性状相关的基因。<bgydF4y2Ba>A-C.<gydF4y2Ba/b>三<gydF4y2Bai>ZMACBP.<gydF4y2Ba/i>基因，<gydF4y2Bai>ZMACBP3 / 4/7<gydF4y2Ba/i>，分别与耳高（EH），内核宽度（kW）和标题日（高清）显着相关。不同颜色的圆圈在每种绘图中代表不同的SNP，紫色钻石代表最具明显相关的SNP。的<gydF4y2Bai>x<gydF4y2Ba/i>轴表示SNP位置，以及<gydF4y2Bai>y<gydF4y2Ba/i>轴显示log10（<gydF4y2Bai>p<gydF4y2Ba/i>）（<gydF4y2Bai>P<gydF4y2Ba/i>-价值）。<bgydF4y2Ba>d<gydF4y2Ba/b>热图显示相关的相关性<gydF4y2Bai>ZMACBP.<gydF4y2Ba/i>基因与玉米籽粒含油量的关系。热图上的蓝色和红色分别表示正相关和负相关。星号表示在≤基因表达与油气聚集的关系为0.01水平<gydF4y2Ba/p> </div> </div> <div class="u-text-right u-hide-print"> <a class="c-article__pill-button" data-test="article-link" data-track="click" data-track-label="button" data-track-action="view figure" href="//www.cinefiend.com/articles/10.1186/s12870-021-02863-4/figures/6" data-track-dest="link:Figure6 Full size image" aria-label="Full size image figure 6" rel="nofollow"><span>全尺寸镜像<gydF4y2Ba/span> <svg width="16" height="16" focusable="false" role="img" aria-hidden="true" class="u-icon"> <use xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xlink:href="#global-icon-chevron-right"></use> </svg></a> </div> </figure> </div> <h3 class="c-article__sub-heading" id="Sec10">表达剖析<gydF4y2Bai>ZMACBP.<gydF4y2Ba/i>基因对各种非生物和生物胁迫的反应<gydF4y2Ba/h3> <p>进一步了解这一角色<gydF4y2Bai>ZMACBP.<gydF4y2Ba/i>基因可能在非生物或生物胁迫下发挥作用，通过qRT-PCR方法研究了不同胁迫处理下基因的表达模式，包括高盐度（200℃） mmnacl），渗透胁迫（20%PEG6000，模拟干旱），伤害，冷胁迫（4 °C），重金属离子应力（20 μmol/L铜<gydF4y2Basup>2+<gydF4y2Ba/sup>）和真菌感染（<gydF4y2Bai>Ustilago Maydis.<gydF4y2Ba/i>)(图。<一个d一个ta-track="click" data-track-label="link" data-track-action="figure anchor" href="//www.cinefiend.com/articles/10.1186/s12870-021-02863-4">7<gydF4y2Ba/a>). 表达分析显示<gydF4y2Bai>ZMACBP.<gydF4y2Ba/i>通过高盐度或渗透胁迫处理诱导基因，在处理后24小时内达到峰值，然后在应力处理后保持相对较高的水平（图。<一个d一个ta-track="click" data-track-label="link" data-track-action="figure anchor" href="//www.cinefiend.com/articles/10.1186/s12870-021-02863-4">7<gydF4y2Ba/a>a和b）。<gydF4y2Bai>ZmACBP1<gydF4y2Ba/i>，<gydF4y2Bai>ZmACBP2<gydF4y2Ba/i>，<gydF4y2Bai>ZmACBP5<gydF4y2Ba/i>，和<gydF4y2Bai>ZmACBP6<gydF4y2Ba/i>在伤害治疗后迅速诱导和达到0.5小时，然后在治疗过程中减少到水平降低。表达<gydF4y2Bai>ZMACBP3，ZMACBP4，ZMACBP7，ZMACBP8<gydF4y2Ba/i>，和<gydF4y2Bai>ZmACBP9<gydF4y2Ba/i>在创伤治疗期间减少（图。<一个d一个ta-track="click" data-track-label="link" data-track-action="figure anchor" href="//www.cinefiend.com/articles/10.1186/s12870-021-02863-4">7<gydF4y2Ba/a>c）是的。表达水平<gydF4y2Bai>ZmACBP1<gydF4y2Ba/i>，<gydF4y2Bai>ZmACBP4<gydF4y2Ba/i>，<gydF4y2Bai>ZmACBP7<gydF4y2Ba/i>，<gydF4y2Bai>ZmACBP8<gydF4y2Ba/i>，和<gydF4y2Bai>ZmACBP9<gydF4y2Ba/i>冷处理后下降，然后在12或24小时有所恢复 h（图。<一个d一个ta-track="click" data-track-label="link" data-track-action="figure anchor" href="//www.cinefiend.com/articles/10.1186/s12870-021-02863-4">7<gydF4y2Ba/a>d）。尽管<gydF4y2Bai>ZmACBP2<gydF4y2Ba/i>，<gydF4y2Bai>ZmACBP3<gydF4y2Ba/i>，<gydF4y2Bai>ZmACBP5<gydF4y2Ba/i>和<gydF4y2Bai>ZmACBP6<gydF4y2Ba/i>冷处理诱导mRNAs表达，12小时内达到高峰 h、然后在24岁时保持在相对较高的水平 h（图。<一个d一个ta-track="click" data-track-label="link" data-track-action="figure anchor" href="//www.cinefiend.com/articles/10.1186/s12870-021-02863-4">7<gydF4y2Ba/a>d）是的。在铜离子处理过程中，<gydF4y2Bai>ZmACBP1<gydF4y2Ba/i>和<gydF4y2Bai>ZmACBP8<gydF4y2Ba/i>MRNA在48小时内降低，水平降低<gydF4y2Bai>ZmACBP3<gydF4y2Ba/i>mRNA基本不受影响(图。<一个d一个ta-track="click" data-track-label="link" data-track-action="figure anchor" href="//www.cinefiend.com/articles/10.1186/s12870-021-02863-4">7<gydF4y2Ba/a>e)。<gydF4y2Bai>ZmACBP4<gydF4y2Ba/i>，<gydF4y2Bai>ZmACBP5<gydF4y2Ba/i>，<gydF4y2Bai>ZmACBP6<gydF4y2Ba/i>，<gydF4y2Bai>ZmACBP7<gydF4y2Ba/i>，和<gydF4y2Bai>ZmACBP9<gydF4y2Ba/i>铜离子处理可快速诱导表达，表达高峰出现在3或6 在铜离子处理后48小时，则保持在相对较高的水平 h（图。<一个d一个ta-track="click" data-track-label="link" data-track-action="figure anchor" href="//www.cinefiend.com/articles/10.1186/s12870-021-02863-4">7<gydF4y2Ba/a>e)。真菌感染（<gydF4y2Bai>U玉米黑粉菌<gydF4y2Ba/i>)引起表达水平的增加<gydF4y2Bai>ZmACBP1<gydF4y2Ba/i>，<gydF4y2Bai>ZmACBP2<gydF4y2Ba/i>，<gydF4y2Bai>ZmACBP3<gydF4y2Ba/i>，<gydF4y2Bai>ZmACBP5<gydF4y2Ba/i>，<gydF4y2Bai>ZmACBP6<gydF4y2Ba/i>，和<gydF4y2Bai>ZmACBP8<gydF4y2Ba/i>，而表达水平<gydF4y2Bai>ZmACBP4<gydF4y2Ba/i>，<gydF4y2Bai>ZmACBP7<gydF4y2Ba/i>，和<gydF4y2Bai>ZmACBP9<gydF4y2Ba/i>减少（图。<一个d一个ta-track="click" data-track-label="link" data-track-action="figure anchor" href="//www.cinefiend.com/articles/10.1186/s12870-021-02863-4">7<gydF4y2Ba/a>F）。这些结果表明，Zmacbps可能在非生物应力耐受性和生物防御反应中起重要作用。<gydF4y2Ba/p> <div class="c-article-section__figure js-c-reading-companion-figures-item" data-test="figure" data-container-section="figure" id="figure-7" data-title="Fig. 7"> <figure> <figcaption> <b id="Fig7" class="c-article-section__figure-caption" data-test="figure-caption-text">图7<gydF4y2Ba/b> </figcaption> <div class="c-article-section__figure-content"> <div class="c-article-section__figure-item"> <a class="c-article-section__figure-link" data-test="img-link" data-track="click" data-track-label="image" data-track-action="view figure" href="//www.cinefiend.com/articles/10.1186/s12870-021-02863-4/figures/7" rel="nofollow"> <picture> <source type="image/webp" srcset="//media.springernature.com/lw685/springer-static/image/art%3A10.1186%2Fs12870-021-02863-4/MediaObjects/12870_2021_2863_Fig7_HTML.png?as=webp"> <img aria-describedby="Fig7" src="https://media.springernature.com/lw685/springer-static/image/art%3A10.1186%2Fs12870-021-02863-4/MediaObjects/12870_2021_2863_Fig7_HTML.png" alt="图7gydF4y2Ba" loading="lazy" width="685" height="664"> </picture></a> </div> <div class="c-article-section__figure-description" data-test="bottom-caption" id="figure-7-desc"> <p>实时荧光定量PCR分析<gydF4y2Bai>ZmACBPs公司<gydF4y2Ba/i>压力处理下的表达。<bgydF4y2Ba>一个<gydF4y2Ba/b>200 毫米氯化钠，<bgydF4y2Ba>b<gydF4y2Ba/b>20％PEG6000，<bgydF4y2Ba>c<gydF4y2Ba/b>伤人，<bgydF4y2Ba>d<gydF4y2Ba/b>4. 摄氏度，<bgydF4y2Ba>e<gydF4y2Ba/b>20μmol/ l Cu<gydF4y2Basup>2+<gydF4y2Ba/sup>，和(<bgydF4y2Ba>f<gydF4y2Ba/b>）用真菌感染感染（<gydF4y2Bai>Ustilago Maydis.<gydF4y2Ba/i>). 表达水平标准化为TUB核糖基化因子。数据代表平均值 ± 重复3次。不同的字母表示治疗组和对照组在不同时间的差异<gydF4y2Bai>P<gydF4y2Ba/i>< 0.01<gydF4y2Ba/p> </div> </div> <div class="u-text-right u-hide-print"> <a class="c-article__pill-button" data-test="article-link" data-track="click" data-track-label="button" data-track-action="view figure" href="//www.cinefiend.com/articles/10.1186/s12870-021-02863-4/figures/7" data-track-dest="link:Figure7 Full size image" aria-label="Full size image figure 7" rel="nofollow"><span>全尺寸镜像<gydF4y2Ba/span> <svg width="16" height="16" focusable="false" role="img" aria-hidden="true" class="u-icon"> <use xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xlink:href="#global-icon-chevron-right"></use> </svg></a> </div> </figure> </div> <h3 class="c-article__sub-heading" id="Sec11">2的过度表达<gydF4y2Bai>ZMACBP.<gydF4y2Ba/i>基因<gydF4y2Bai>A.拟南芥<gydF4y2Ba/i>增强了对压力的耐受性<gydF4y2Ba/h3> <p>确认<gydF4y2Bai>ZmACBPs公司<gydF4y2Ba/i>应对压力，<gydF4y2Bai>ZmACBP1<gydF4y2Ba/i>和<gydF4y2Bai>ZmACBP3<gydF4y2Ba/i>被选为进一步过表达（OE）的基因<gydF4y2Bai>A.拟南芥<gydF4y2Ba/i>. 因为两者的表达水平<gydF4y2Bai>ZmACBP1<gydF4y2Ba/i>和<gydF4y2Bai>ZmACBP3<gydF4y2Ba/i>由盐度和渗透胁迫诱导（图。<一个d一个ta-track="click" data-track-label="link" data-track-action="figure anchor" href="//www.cinefiend.com/articles/10.1186/s12870-021-02863-4">7<gydF4y2Ba/a>a和b)， 100 mM NaCl或200 mM甘露醇(模拟干旱)胁迫OEs。无胁迫时，OE系与病媒对照(VC)植株的叶片和根系生长均无明显差异(图1)。<一个d一个ta-track="click" data-track-label="link" data-track-action="figure anchor" href="//www.cinefiend.com/articles/10.1186/s12870-021-02863-4">8<gydF4y2Ba/a>a和e）。但是，当暴露于100mM NaCl或200mM甘露醇时，OE线过表达<gydF4y2Bai>ZmACBP1<gydF4y2Ba/i>或者<gydF4y2Bai>ZmACBP3<gydF4y2Ba/i>生长更旺盛，根比VC下长（图。<一个d一个ta-track="click" data-track-label="link" data-track-action="figure anchor" href="//www.cinefiend.com/articles/10.1186/s12870-021-02863-4">8<gydF4y2Ba/a>b-d型；f-h）。<gydF4y2Ba/p> <div class="c-article-section__figure js-c-reading-companion-figures-item" data-test="figure" data-container-section="figure" id="figure-8" data-title="Fig. 8"> <figure> <figcaption> <b id="Fig8" class="c-article-section__figure-caption" data-test="figure-caption-text">图8<gydF4y2Ba/b> </figcaption> <div class="c-article-section__figure-content"> <div class="c-article-section__figure-item"> <a class="c-article-section__figure-link" data-test="img-link" data-track="click" data-track-label="image" data-track-action="view figure" href="//www.cinefiend.com/articles/10.1186/s12870-021-02863-4/figures/8" rel="nofollow"> <picture> <source type="image/webp" srcset="//media.springernature.com/lw685/springer-static/image/art%3A10.1186%2Fs12870-021-02863-4/MediaObjects/12870_2021_2863_Fig8_HTML.png?as=webp"> <img aria-describedby="Fig8" src="https://media.springernature.com/lw685/springer-static/image/art%3A10.1186%2Fs12870-021-02863-4/MediaObjects/12870_2021_2863_Fig8_HTML.png" alt="图8gydF4y2Ba" loading="lazy" width="685" height="1042"> </picture></a> </div> <div class="c-article-section__figure-description" data-test="bottom-caption" id="figure-8-desc"> <p><i>ZmACBP1<gydF4y2Ba/i>和<gydF4y2Bai>ZmACBP3<gydF4y2Ba/i>正调控的植物耐性<gydF4y2Bai>答:芥。<gydF4y2Ba/i>10天历史的矢量控制（VC）和vc）的表型<gydF4y2Bai>ZmACBP1<gydF4y2Ba/i>转基因株系(OE1和OE2)幼苗在非胁迫(<bgydF4y2Ba>一个<gydF4y2Ba/b>），100毫米NaCl（<bgydF4y2Ba>b<gydF4y2Ba/b>)，和200 甘露醇(<bgydF4y2Ba>c<gydF4y2Ba/b>)．<bgydF4y2Ba>d<gydF4y2Ba/b>VC和<gydF4y2Bai>ZmACBP1<gydF4y2Ba/i>转基因植物。10日龄VC的表型及遗传多样性<gydF4y2Bai>ZmACBP3<gydF4y2Ba/i>转基因株系(OE1和OE2)幼苗在非胁迫(<bgydF4y2Ba>e<gydF4y2Ba/b>），100毫米NaCl（<bgydF4y2Ba>f<gydF4y2Ba/b>)，和200 甘露醇(<bgydF4y2Ba>g<gydF4y2Ba/b>)．<bgydF4y2Ba>h<gydF4y2Ba/b>VC和<gydF4y2Bai>ZmACBP3<gydF4y2Ba/i>转基因植物。数据代表三个重复的平均值±标准差。不同字母表示转基因株系与VC的差异<gydF4y2Bai>P<gydF4y2Ba/i>< 0.01<gydF4y2Ba/p> </div> </div> <div class="u-text-right u-hide-print"> <a class="c-article__pill-button" data-test="article-link" data-track="click" data-track-label="button" data-track-action="view figure" href="//www.cinefiend.com/articles/10.1186/s12870-021-02863-4/figures/8" data-track-dest="link:Figure8 Full size image" aria-label="Full size image figure 8" rel="nofollow"><span>全尺寸镜像<gydF4y2Ba/span> <svg width="16" height="16" focusable="false" role="img" aria-hidden="true" class="u-icon"> <use xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xlink:href="#global-icon-chevron-right"></use> </svg></a> </div> </figure> </div> <h3 class="c-article__sub-heading" id="Sec12"><i>ZmACBP3<gydF4y2Ba/i>过表达改变了大鼠脂质代谢基因和应激反应基因的表达模式<gydF4y2Bai>拟南芥<gydF4y2Ba/i></h3> <p>为了探索<gydF4y2Bai>ZmACBPs公司<gydF4y2Ba/i>过表达通过QRT-PCR检查脂质代谢基因和应激反应基因的表达增强耐受性的耐受性。在正常情况下，五种脂质代谢基因的表达水平（<gydF4y2Bai>FAD2.<gydF4y2Ba/i>，<gydF4y2Bai>DGAT公司<gydF4y2Ba/i>，<gydF4y2Bai>PLA2.<gydF4y2Ba/i>，<gydF4y2Bai>PLC3.<gydF4y2Ba/i>，和<gydF4y2Bai>ACX公司<gydF4y2Ba/i>)以及所有应激反应基因(<gydF4y2Bai>科47.<gydF4y2Ba/i>，<gydF4y2Bai>areb1.<gydF4y2Ba/i>，<gydF4y2Bai>拉布<gydF4y2Ba/i>，<gydF4y2Bai>ABI1型<gydF4y2Ba/i>，<gydF4y2Bai>RD29A型<gydF4y2Ba/i>，和<gydF4y2Bai>RD29B型<gydF4y2Ba/i>）在转基因和野生型（WT）植物中类似（图。<一个d一个ta-track="click" data-track-label="link" data-track-action="figure anchor" href="//www.cinefiend.com/articles/10.1186/s12870-021-02863-4">9<gydF4y2Ba/a>a和b）。两组大鼠脂代谢或应激反应基因的表达水平<gydF4y2Bai>ZmACBP3<gydF4y2Ba/i>在盐或渗透胁迫下，OE线和WT植物显着增加。然而，与野生型植物相比，这些基因的表达水平在<gydF4y2Bai>ZmACBP3<gydF4y2Ba/i>在100mm NaCl或200mM甘露醇下的OE线。（图。<一个d一个ta-track="click" data-track-label="link" data-track-action="figure anchor" href="//www.cinefiend.com/articles/10.1186/s12870-021-02863-4">9<gydF4y2Ba/a>a和b）。这些结果表明<gydF4y2Bai>ZmACBP3<gydF4y2Ba/i>过表达可能改变脂质代谢，从而作为信号分子增加应激反应基因的表达，最终导致机体对应激的耐受性增强<gydF4y2Bai>ZmACBP3<gydF4y2Ba/i>OE线路。<gydF4y2Ba/p> <div class="c-article-section__figure js-c-reading-companion-figures-item" data-test="figure" data-container-section="figure" id="figure-9" data-title="Fig. 9"> <figure> <figcaption> <b id="Fig9" class="c-article-section__figure-caption" data-test="figure-caption-text">图9<gydF4y2Ba/b> </figcaption> <div class="c-article-section__figure-content"> <div class="c-article-section__figure-item"> <a class="c-article-section__figure-link" data-test="img-link" data-track="click" data-track-label="image" data-track-action="view figure" href="//www.cinefiend.com/articles/10.1186/s12870-021-02863-4/figures/9" rel="nofollow"> <picture> <source type="image/webp" srcset="//media.springernature.com/lw685/springer-static/image/art%3A10.1186%2Fs12870-021-02863-4/MediaObjects/12870_2021_2863_Fig9_HTML.png?as=webp"> <img aria-describedby="Fig9" src="https://media.springernature.com/lw685/springer-static/image/art%3A10.1186%2Fs12870-021-02863-4/MediaObjects/12870_2021_2863_Fig9_HTML.png" alt="图9gydF4y2Ba" loading="lazy" width="685" height="895"> </picture></a> </div> <div class="c-article-section__figure-description" data-test="bottom-caption" id="figure-9-desc"> <p>脂质代谢相关基因的表达模式(<bgydF4y2Ba>一个<gydF4y2Ba/b>）和应激响应基因（<bgydF4y2Ba>b<gydF4y2Ba/b>)矢量控制（VC）和<gydF4y2Bai>ZmACBP3<gydF4y2Ba/i>转基因<gydF4y2Bai>拟南芥<gydF4y2Ba/i>幼苗响应100mM NaCl或200mM甘露醇。数据代表三个重复的平均值±标准差。不同字母表示转基因株系与VC的差异<gydF4y2Bai>P<gydF4y2Ba/i>< 0.01<gydF4y2Ba/p> </div> </div> <div class="u-text-right u-hide-print"> <a class="c-article__pill-button" data-test="article-link" data-track="click" data-track-label="button" data-track-action="view figure" href="//www.cinefiend.com/articles/10.1186/s12870-021-02863-4/figures/9" data-track-dest="link:Figure9 Full size image" aria-label="Full size image figure 9" rel="nofollow"><span>全尺寸镜像<gydF4y2Ba/span> <svg width="16" height="16" focusable="false" role="img" aria-hidden="true" class="u-icon"> <use xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xlink:href="#global-icon-chevron-right"></use> </svg></a> </div> </figure> </div> </div> </div> </section> <section data-title="Discussion"> <div class="c-article-section" id="Sec13-section"> <h2 class="c-article-section__title js-section-title js-c-reading-companion-sections-item" id="Sec13">讨论<gydF4y2Ba/h2> <div class="c-article-section__content" id="Sec13-content"> <h3 class="c-article__sub-heading" id="Sec14">进化节约与变异<gydF4y2Bai>ACBP<gydF4y2Ba/i>不同物种间的基因<gydF4y2Ba/h3> <p>ACBP已经在几种高等植物中有功能注释，包括拟南芥，米饭和<gydF4y2Bai>B. Napus.<gydF4y2Ba/i>［<一个d一个ta-track="click" data-track-action="reference anchor" data-track-label="link" data-test="citation-ref" aria-label="Reference 24" title="24.gydF4y2Ba" href="//www.cinefiend.com/articles/10.1186/s12870-021-02863-4" id="ref-link-section-d14671e2524">24.<gydF4y2Ba/a>］．在这项研究中，<gydF4y2Bai>ACBP<gydF4y2Ba/i>所有的植物都有基因，包括绿色微藻，<gydF4y2Bai>小孢子藻<gydF4y2Ba/i>苔藓和其他陆地植物(图。<一个d一个ta-track="click" data-track-label="link" data-track-action="figure anchor" href="//www.cinefiend.com/articles/10.1186/s12870-021-02863-4">1<gydF4y2Ba/a>)表明这些基因可能起源于绿色微藻，在高等植物的进化过程中是相对保守的。但是<gydF4y2Bai>ACBP<gydF4y2Ba/i>来自不同植物物种的基因是不同的（图。<一个d一个ta-track="click" data-track-label="link" data-track-action="figure anchor" href="//www.cinefiend.com/articles/10.1186/s12870-021-02863-4">1<gydF4y2Ba/a>），其可能与不同植物中各种ACBP的功能特异性有关。在本研究中鉴定了九种ZMACBP，然后基于系统发育分析将其聚集成四种不同的亚家族基团（附加文件<一个d一个ta-track="click" data-track-label="link" data-track-action="supplementary material anchor" href="//www.cinefiend.com/articles/10.1186/s12870-021-02863-4">1<gydF4y2Ba/a>：图S1；图。<一个d一个ta-track="click" data-track-label="link" data-track-action="figure anchor" href="//www.cinefiend.com/articles/10.1186/s12870-021-02863-4">2<gydF4y2Ba/a>). 序列比对分析表明，ZmACBP具有与ACBPs同源序列相似的功能域<gydF4y2Bai>A.拟南芥<gydF4y2Ba/i>(附加文件<一个d一个ta-track="click" data-track-label="link" data-track-action="supplementary material anchor" href="//www.cinefiend.com/articles/10.1186/s12870-021-02863-4">1<gydF4y2Ba/a>：图S1a）。基因结构分析<gydF4y2Bai>ACBP<gydF4y2Ba/i>基因显示同一分支内的基因通常具有相似的外显子-内含子结构（图。<一个d一个ta-track="click" data-track-label="link" data-track-action="figure anchor" href="//www.cinefiend.com/articles/10.1186/s12870-021-02863-4">2<gydF4y2Ba/a>)．此外，ACBP的主题分析还发现，在同一亚家族中共享类似的基序组合物（图。<一个d一个ta-track="click" data-track-label="link" data-track-action="figure anchor" href="//www.cinefiend.com/articles/10.1186/s12870-021-02863-4">2<gydF4y2Ba/a>). 在物种间发现的高度序列相似性意味着这些基因可能共享保守的功能。<gydF4y2Ba/p> <h3 class="c-article__sub-heading" id="Sec15">表达模式<gydF4y2Bai>ZMACBP.<gydF4y2Ba/i>不同组织或胁迫下玉米的基因家族<gydF4y2Ba/h3> <p>已提出ACBPS在脂质贩运中发挥几种不同的作用，具体取决于它们的亚细胞定位。在<gydF4y2Bai>A.拟南芥<gydF4y2Ba/i>与水稻相比，ACBPs定位于不同的亚细胞室，包括细胞质（AtACBP4/5/6和OsACBP1/2/3）和内质网（AtACBP1/2和OsACBP4/5）[<一个d一个ta-track="click" data-track-action="reference anchor" data-track-label="link" data-test="citation-ref" aria-label="Reference 13" title="13.gydF4y2Ba" href="//www.cinefiend.com/articles/10.1186/s12870-021-02863-4" id="ref-link-section-d14671e2580">13.<gydF4y2Ba/a>，<一个d一个ta-track="click" data-track-action="reference anchor" data-track-label="link" data-test="citation-ref" aria-label="Reference 17" title="17.gydF4y2Ba" href="//www.cinefiend.com/articles/10.1186/s12870-021-02863-4" id="ref-link-section-d14671e2583">17.<gydF4y2Ba/a>]. 在这项研究中，发现ZmACBP1/5/7定位于胞浆或质膜（图。<一个d一个ta-track="click" data-track-label="link" data-track-action="figure anchor" href="//www.cinefiend.com/articles/10.1186/s12870-021-02863-4">4<gydF4y2Ba/a>），它们可以参与脂肪酸生物合成期间的胞囊酰基-CoA运输和维持酰基 - CoA酯。鉴于ER是磷脂合成和运输的重要场所，ZMACBP3局部化为ER（图。<一个d一个ta-track="click" data-track-label="link" data-track-action="figure anchor" href="//www.cinefiend.com/articles/10.1186/s12870-021-02863-4">7<gydF4y2Ba/a>)，可以促进这些过程。ACBPs通过与酰基辅酶a酯或磷脂结合，调节脂质代谢，参与多种生物活动，包括发育和对生物或非生物胁迫的反应[<一个d一个ta-track="click" data-track-action="reference anchor" data-track-label="link" data-test="citation-ref" aria-label="Reference 6" title="6gydF4y2Ba" href="//www.cinefiend.com/articles/10.1186/s12870-021-02863-4" id="ref-link-section-d14671e2593">6<gydF4y2Ba/a>]. 例如，拟南芥AtACBP6在种子和幼苗发育期间维持细胞质酰基辅酶A库；AtACBP1和AtACBP2在保护磷脂膜免受重金属和氧化应激引起的过氧化损伤中起重要作用[<一个d一个ta-track="click" data-track-action="reference anchor" data-track-label="link" data-test="citation-ref" aria-label="Reference 18" title="18.gydF4y2Ba" href="//www.cinefiend.com/articles/10.1186/s12870-021-02863-4" id="ref-link-section-d14671e2596">18.<gydF4y2Ba/a>］．zmacbp的不同定位模式表明，它们不仅参与调控玉米的生长发育，还可能参与各种胁迫响应。<gydF4y2Ba/p> <p>与拟南芥和米饭的研究一致<gydF4y2Bai>ACBP<gydF4y2Ba/i>基因[<一个d一个ta-track="click" data-track-action="reference anchor" data-track-label="link" data-test="citation-ref" aria-label="Reference 13" title="13.gydF4y2Ba" href="//www.cinefiend.com/articles/10.1186/s12870-021-02863-4" id="ref-link-section-d14671e2605">13.<gydF4y2Ba/a>，<一个d一个ta-track="click" data-track-action="reference anchor" data-track-label="link" data-test="citation-ref" aria-label="Reference 17" title="17.gydF4y2Ba" href="//www.cinefiend.com/articles/10.1186/s12870-021-02863-4" id="ref-link-section-d14671e2608">17.<gydF4y2Ba/a>，<一个d一个ta-track="click" data-track-action="reference anchor" data-track-label="link" data-test="citation-ref" aria-label="Reference 18" title="18.gydF4y2Ba" href="//www.cinefiend.com/articles/10.1186/s12870-021-02863-4" id="ref-link-section-d14671e2611">18.<gydF4y2Ba/a>，<一个d一个ta-track="click" data-track-action="reference anchor" data-track-label="link" data-test="citation-ref" aria-label="Reference 20" title="20.gydF4y2Ba" href="//www.cinefiend.com/articles/10.1186/s12870-021-02863-4" id="ref-link-section-d14671e2614">20.<gydF4y2Ba/a>]，<gydF4y2Bai>ZmACBPs公司<gydF4y2Ba/i>基因在不同组织和发育阶段具有时间和空间特异性（图。<一个d一个ta-track="click" data-track-label="link" data-track-action="figure anchor" href="//www.cinefiend.com/articles/10.1186/s12870-021-02863-4">5<gydF4y2Ba/a>). 这一发现提示ZmACBPs可能具有多种生物学功能，涉及玉米的生长发育。在以往的研究中，许多植物ACBPs对非生物胁迫和生物胁迫都有反应[<一个d一个ta-track="click" data-track-action="reference anchor" data-track-label="link" data-test="citation-ref" title="16.gydF4y2Ba" href="#ref-CR16" id="ref-link-section-d14671e2624">16.<gydF4y2Ba/a>，<一个d一个ta-track="click" data-track-action="reference anchor" data-track-label="link" data-test="citation-ref" title="17.gydF4y2Ba" href="#ref-CR17" id="ref-link-section-d14671e2624_1">17.<gydF4y2Ba/a>，<一个d一个ta-track="click" data-track-action="reference anchor" data-track-label="link" data-test="citation-ref" title="18.gydF4y2Ba" href="#ref-CR18" id="ref-link-section-d14671e2624_2">18.<gydF4y2Ba/a>，<一个d一个ta-track="click" data-track-action="reference anchor" data-track-label="link" data-test="citation-ref" title="19.gydF4y2Ba" href="#ref-CR19" id="ref-link-section-d14671e2624_3">19.<gydF4y2Ba/a>，<一个d一个ta-track="click" data-track-action="reference anchor" data-track-label="link" data-test="citation-ref" aria-label="Reference 20" title="20.gydF4y2Ba" href="//www.cinefiend.com/articles/10.1186/s12870-021-02863-4" id="ref-link-section-d14671e2627">20.<gydF4y2Ba/a>]. 不同的<gydF4y2Bai>ZMACBP.<gydF4y2Ba/i>不同基因对胁迫条件的反应各不相同。<一个d一个ta-track="click" data-track-label="link" data-track-action="figure anchor" href="//www.cinefiend.com/articles/10.1186/s12870-021-02863-4">7<gydF4y2Ba/a>)，这可能与<gydF4y2Bai>独联体<gydF4y2Ba/i>- 在他们的推动者区域中的元素。例如，<gydF4y2Bai>独联体<gydF4y2Ba/i>-ABRE元件可与ABA反应性转录因子（AREB/ABF）结合，对ABA信号通路有反应，而DRE/CRT则被C-重复结合因子（CBF）家族识别，在干旱或盐碱胁迫下起重要作用[<一个d一个ta-track="click" data-track-action="reference anchor" data-track-label="link" data-test="citation-ref" aria-label="Reference 25" title="25.gydF4y2Ba" href="//www.cinefiend.com/articles/10.1186/s12870-021-02863-4" id="ref-link-section-d14671e2643">25.<gydF4y2Ba/a>]. 在本研究中，大多数<gydF4y2Bai>ZMACBP.<gydF4y2Ba/i>包含一个或多个ABRE或C-repeat/DRE的启动子(图。<一个d一个ta-track="click" data-track-label="link" data-track-action="figure anchor" href="//www.cinefiend.com/articles/10.1186/s12870-021-02863-4">3.<gydF4y2Ba/a>; 附加文件<一个d一个ta-track="click" data-track-label="link" data-track-action="supplementary material anchor" href="//www.cinefiend.com/articles/10.1186/s12870-021-02863-4">3.<gydF4y2Ba/a>：在盐度或渗透胁迫下诱导表S2）（图。<一个d一个ta-track="click" data-track-label="link" data-track-action="figure anchor" href="//www.cinefiend.com/articles/10.1186/s12870-021-02863-4">7<gydF4y2Ba/a>a和b），表明它们可能在胁迫耐受中起作用。<gydF4y2Ba/p> <p>表达的变化<gydF4y2Bai>ACBPs公司<gydF4y2Ba/i>可能导致在压力下脂质的丰度和组成发生变化。例如，在拟南芥<gydF4y2Bai>ATACBP6.<gydF4y2Ba/i>-过表达的磷脂酶Dδ(<gydF4y2Bai>PLDδ<gydF4y2Ba/i>)表达量在冻结胁迫下增加[<一个d一个ta-track="click" data-track-action="reference anchor" data-track-label="link" data-test="citation-ref" aria-label="Reference 26" title="26.gydF4y2Ba" href="//www.cinefiend.com/articles/10.1186/s12870-021-02863-4" id="ref-link-section-d14671e2671">26.<gydF4y2Ba/a>］．PLDδ催化磷脂的水解，磷酸化酸（PA），而PA参与渗透胁迫，盐胁迫，以及对ABA治疗以及病原体发作的反应[<一个d一个ta-track="click" data-track-action="reference anchor" data-track-label="link" data-test="citation-ref" aria-label="Reference 27" title="27.gydF4y2Ba" href="//www.cinefiend.com/articles/10.1186/s12870-021-02863-4" id="ref-link-section-d14671e2674">27.<gydF4y2Ba/a>］．此外，据报道，ATACBP交互式辅助者涉及植物发育和应力反应。ATRAP2.3已被证明与Arabidopsis II类ATACBP2相互作用，这在贫氧中起重要作用，氧化（H<gydF4y2Basub>2<gydF4y2Ba/sub>O<gydF4y2Basub>2<gydF4y2Ba/sub>)渗透（甘露醇）和ABA介导的应激反应[<一个d一个ta-track="click" data-track-action="reference anchor" data-track-label="link" data-test="citation-ref" aria-label="Reference 28" title="28.gydF4y2Ba" href="//www.cinefiend.com/articles/10.1186/s12870-021-02863-4" id="ref-link-section-d14671e2682">28.<gydF4y2Ba/a>]. 在本研究中<gydF4y2Bai>ZmACBP1<gydF4y2Ba/i>和<gydF4y2Bai>ZmACBP3<gydF4y2Ba/i>在里面<gydF4y2Bai>A.拟南芥<gydF4y2Ba/i>提高了对盐分和渗透胁迫的耐受性（图。<一个d一个ta-track="click" data-track-label="link" data-track-action="figure anchor" href="//www.cinefiend.com/articles/10.1186/s12870-021-02863-4">8<gydF4y2Ba/a>). 过表达<gydF4y2Bai>ZmACBP3<gydF4y2Ba/i>也增加了表达<gydF4y2Bai>FAD2.<gydF4y2Ba/i>，<gydF4y2Bai>DGAT公司<gydF4y2Ba/i>，<gydF4y2Bai>PLA2.<gydF4y2Ba/i>，以及其他参与脂质代谢的药物（图。<一个d一个ta-track="click" data-track-label="link" data-track-action="figure anchor" href="//www.cinefiend.com/articles/10.1186/s12870-021-02863-4">9<gydF4y2Ba/a>a）是的。此外，异位表达<gydF4y2Bai>ZmACBP3<gydF4y2Ba/i>也显著增加了应激信号和反应中几个基因的表达，包括<gydF4y2Bai>科47.<gydF4y2Ba/i>，<gydF4y2Bai>areb1.<gydF4y2Ba/i>，<gydF4y2Bai>拉布<gydF4y2Ba/i>等等（图。<一个d一个ta-track="click" data-track-label="link" data-track-action="figure anchor" href="//www.cinefiend.com/articles/10.1186/s12870-021-02863-4">9<gydF4y2Ba/a>b）是的。这些基因在保护植物免受氧化应激或渗透胁迫的影响中起重要作用[<一个d一个ta-track="click" data-track-action="reference anchor" data-track-label="link" data-test="citation-ref" aria-label="Reference 29" title="29.gydF4y2Ba" href="//www.cinefiend.com/articles/10.1186/s12870-021-02863-4" id="ref-link-section-d14671e2729">29.<gydF4y2Ba/a>]. 基于这些结果，似乎<gydF4y2Bai>ZMACBP.<gydF4y2Ba/i>过度表达可引起脂质组成和代谢的改变，进而触发脂质依赖性信号级联，最终改变应激相关基因的表达，增强机体对应激的耐受性。<gydF4y2Ba/p> <h3 class="c-article__sub-heading" id="Sec16"><i>ZmACBPs公司<gydF4y2Ba/i>与重要的农艺性状相关，对玉米育种具有指导意义<gydF4y2Ba/h3> <p>在植物中，ACBPs参与了许多生长发育阶段，包括开花、胚胎发育、种子萌发和幼苗发育[<一个d一个ta-track="click" data-track-action="reference anchor" data-track-label="link" data-test="citation-ref" aria-label="Reference 24" title="24.gydF4y2Ba" href="//www.cinefiend.com/articles/10.1186/s12870-021-02863-4" id="ref-link-section-d14671e2748">24.<gydF4y2Ba/a>]. 在以前的工作中，拟南芥过度表达葡萄藤<gydF4y2Bai>VvACBP1型<gydF4y2Ba/i>由于光周期途径的抑制，花的转变较慢[<一个d一个ta-track="click" data-track-action="reference anchor" data-track-label="link" data-test="citation-ref" aria-label="Reference 30" title="30.gydF4y2Ba" href="//www.cinefiend.com/articles/10.1186/s12870-021-02863-4" id="ref-link-section-d14671e2754">30.<gydF4y2Ba/a>］．在拟南芥胚胎发生期间，<gydF4y2Bai>ATACBP1.<gydF4y2Ba/i>和<gydF4y2Bai>ATACBP2.<gydF4y2Ba/i>在内质网中参与磷脂和半乳糖苷的合成[<一个d一个ta-track="click" data-track-action="reference anchor" data-track-label="link" data-test="citation-ref" aria-label="Reference 31" title="31.gydF4y2Ba" href="//www.cinefiend.com/articles/10.1186/s12870-021-02863-4" id="ref-link-section-d14671e2764">31.<gydF4y2Ba/a>］．此外，过度表达<gydF4y2Bai>B那不勒斯ACBP1<gydF4y2Ba/i>影响了拟南芥种子的脂肪酸组成<gydF4y2Bai>acbp4/acbp5/acbp6<gydF4y2Ba/i>拟南芥突变体在胚中积累了18:1-CoA，降低了种子的总重量[<一个d一个ta-track="click" data-track-action="reference anchor" data-track-label="link" data-test="citation-ref" aria-label="Reference 31" title="31.gydF4y2Ba" href="//www.cinefiend.com/articles/10.1186/s12870-021-02863-4" id="ref-link-section-d14671e2773">31.<gydF4y2Ba/a>］．水稻的研究已经证明了这一点<gydF4y2Bai>OsACBP2基因<gydF4y2Ba/i>-OEs的发芽率、幼苗生长、粒径和粒重均高于WT和载体转化对照。此外，这些<gydF4y2Bai>OsACBP2基因<gydF4y2Ba/i>-OE种子的三酰甘油和LCFA含量高于对照种子[<一个d一个ta-track="click" data-track-action="reference anchor" data-track-label="link" data-test="citation-ref" aria-label="Reference 32" title="32.gydF4y2Ba" href="//www.cinefiend.com/articles/10.1186/s12870-021-02863-4" id="ref-link-section-d14671e2783">32.<gydF4y2Ba/a>]. 因此，ACBP基因的正常表达对维持植物的正常形态和籽粒发育具有重要意义。在这项研究中，大多数<gydF4y2Bai>ZMACBP.<gydF4y2Ba/i>发现基因在不同的玉米组织中组成性表达（图。<一个d一个ta-track="click" data-track-label="link" data-track-action="figure anchor" href="//www.cinefiend.com/articles/10.1186/s12870-021-02863-4">5<gydF4y2Ba/a>). 通过相关分析，得出以下结论：<gydF4y2Bai>ZMACBP.<gydF4y2Ba/i>发现基因与农艺性状相关（图。<一个d一个ta-track="click" data-track-label="link" data-track-action="figure anchor" href="//www.cinefiend.com/articles/10.1186/s12870-021-02863-4">6<gydF4y2Ba/a>; 附加文件<一个d一个ta-track="click" data-track-label="link" data-track-action="supplementary material anchor" href="//www.cinefiend.com/articles/10.1186/s12870-021-02863-4">5<gydF4y2Ba/a>：表S3），以及多个<gydF4y2Bai>ZMACBP.<gydF4y2Ba/i>基因与玉米核中的油含量相关（图。<一个d一个ta-track="click" data-track-label="link" data-track-action="figure anchor" href="//www.cinefiend.com/articles/10.1186/s12870-021-02863-4">6<gydF4y2Ba/a>; 附加文件<一个d一个ta-track="click" data-track-label="link" data-track-action="supplementary material anchor" href="//www.cinefiend.com/articles/10.1186/s12870-021-02863-4">6<gydF4y2Ba/a>:表S4)。这些发现对玉米的基因工程有意义，提高了操纵玉米的可能性<gydF4y2Bai>ACBP<gydF4y2Ba/i>基因表达，以提高产量或其他相关的农艺性状。<gydF4y2Ba/p> </div> </div> </section> <section data-title="Conclusions"> <div class="c-article-section" id="Sec17-section"> <h2 class="c-article-section__title js-section-title js-c-reading-companion-sections-item" id="Sec17">结论<gydF4y2Ba/h2> <div class="c-article-section__content" id="Sec17-content"> <p>在这项研究中，九个成员<gydF4y2Bai>z梅斯<gydF4y2Ba/i>确认ACBP家族。对ZmACBPs的进化、基因结构、保守基序和亚细胞定位等分析表明，ZmACBPs在不同物种间高度保守，并有其独特的特性。qRT-PCR分析显示<gydF4y2Bai>ZmACBPs公司<gydF4y2Ba/i>有组织和器官特异性表达模式，也受到各种非生物和生物应激的影响。此外，之间的关联分析<gydF4y2Bai>ZMACBP.<gydF4y2Ba/i>基因和农艺性状显示了一些<gydF4y2Bai>ZMACBP.<gydF4y2Ba/i>基因与发育性状和籽粒相关性状显著相关。总的来说，本研究为进一步探索其功能和育种应用提供了许多新的线索<gydF4y2Bai>z梅斯<gydF4y2Ba/i>ACBP系列。<gydF4y2Ba/p> </div> </div> </section> <section data-title="Methods"> <div class="c-article-section" id="Sec18-section"> <h2 class="c-article-section__title js-section-title js-c-reading-companion-sections-item" id="Sec18">方法<gydF4y2Ba/h2> <div class="c-article-section__content" id="Sec18-content"> <h3 class="c-article__sub-heading" id="Sec19">植物材料和胁迫处理<gydF4y2Ba/h3> <p>玉米自交系W22 (<gydF4y2Bai>玉米<gydF4y2Ba/i>五十、 2个 = 20）由中国华中农业大学简冰艳博士亲切地提供。玉米种子的萌发和生长如前所述[<一个d一个ta-track="click" data-track-action="reference anchor" data-track-label="link" data-test="citation-ref" aria-label="Reference 33" title="33.gydF4y2Ba" href="//www.cinefiend.com/articles/10.1186/s12870-021-02863-4" id="ref-link-section-d14671e2853">33.<gydF4y2Ba/a>］．简而言之，玉米种子首先用75％醇灭菌5分钟并用蒸馏水洗涤三次，然后在28℃下在湿润的滤纸上温育进行萌发。在28°C温室中用Hoagland的溶液培养幼苗，在28°C温室中，具有16小时光和8小时暗，然后选择用于应力处理。对于渗透处理，用20％PEG 6000处理幼苗，并在0,3,6,12,24和48小时收集[<一个d一个ta-track="click" data-track-action="reference anchor" data-track-label="link" data-test="citation-ref" aria-label="Reference 33" title="33.gydF4y2Ba" href="//www.cinefiend.com/articles/10.1186/s12870-021-02863-4" id="ref-link-section-d14671e2856">33.<gydF4y2Ba/a>］．为了盐度处理，将幼苗进行200mM NaCl，并在0,3,6,12,24和48小时收获[<一个d一个ta-track="click" data-track-action="reference anchor" data-track-label="link" data-test="citation-ref" aria-label="Reference 33" title="33.gydF4y2Ba" href="//www.cinefiend.com/articles/10.1186/s12870-021-02863-4" id="ref-link-section-d14671e2859">33.<gydF4y2Ba/a>］．对于冷处理，三叶期的幼苗在4℃孵育0、3、6、12和24小时[<一个d一个ta-track="click" data-track-action="reference anchor" data-track-label="link" data-test="citation-ref" aria-label="Reference 34" title="34.gydF4y2Ba" href="//www.cinefiend.com/articles/10.1186/s12870-021-02863-4" id="ref-link-section-d14671e2862">34.<gydF4y2Ba/a>]. 在重金属处理中，对苗木进行20%的重金属处理 μmol/L铜<gydF4y2Basup>2+<gydF4y2Ba/sup>铜溶液，并在0、3、6、12、24和48时收获 H对于伤害处理，用针划伤幼苗的叶子。受伤的叶片随后保持在水饱和的滤纸上，并在0、0.5、2和24小时取样治疗后h[<一个d一个ta-track="click" data-track-action="reference anchor" data-track-label="link" data-test="citation-ref" aria-label="Reference 35" title="35.gydF4y2Ba" href="//www.cinefiend.com/articles/10.1186/s12870-021-02863-4" id="ref-link-section-d14671e2868">35.<gydF4y2Ba/a>]. 真菌感染(<gydF4y2Bai>Ustilago Maydis.<gydF4y2Ba/i>），如上所述进行致病性测定[<一个d一个ta-track="click" data-track-action="reference anchor" data-track-label="link" data-test="citation-ref" aria-label="Reference 36" title="36.gydF4y2Ba" href="//www.cinefiend.com/articles/10.1186/s12870-021-02863-4" id="ref-link-section-d14671e2874">36.<gydF4y2Ba/a>]玉米叶片取样时间为6 感染后第二天（dpi）。每个处理包括三个重复。成年植株在田间生长，然后收获所有器官和组织。根在三叶期收获；在5片完全伸展的叶片上采集茎和叶；在13片展叶上收获蚕丝、穗轴和花药；果仁在10dap收获。所有材料在收集和储存后立即在液氮中冷冻− 80 °C用于RNA提取。<gydF4y2Ba/p> <h3 class="c-article__sub-heading" id="Sec20">植物的鉴定和系统发育分析<gydF4y2Bai>ACBP<gydF4y2Ba/i>玉米中的基因<gydF4y2Ba/h3> <p>基于PFam (PF00887)的ACBP域隐马尔可夫模型(HMM)轮廓<一个href="http://pfam.sanger.ac.uk/">http://pfam.sanger.ac.uk/<gydF4y2Ba/a>)在基于HMM的局部搜索中作为查询序列来识别假定的ZmACBP蛋白质序列，截止期望值（E值）为10<gydF4y2Basup>- 5<gydF4y2Ba/sup>. 为了避免HMM模型搜索中可能漏掉的ZmACBP蛋白，本文提出了一种新的HMM模型<gydF4y2Bai>A.拟南芥<gydF4y2Ba/i>或利用水稻ACBP蛋白序列从玉米基因组数据库中进一步搜索ZmACBP蛋白(<一个href="https://www.maizegdb.org">https://www.maizegdb.org<gydF4y2Ba/a>)，版本12.0(<一个href="http://www.phytozome.net">http://www.phytozome.net<gydF4y2Ba/a>）和embl（<一个href="https://www.ebi.ac.uk/">https://www.ebi.ac.uk/<gydF4y2Ba/a>)．使用智能进一步确认并分析匹配的ZmacBP蛋白序列（<一个href="http://smart.embl.de/">http://smart.embl.de/<gydF4y2Ba/a>). 研究玉米、拟南芥、水稻等不同植物的ACBP序列及其在系统发育中的关系，<gydF4y2Bai>小麦<gydF4y2Ba/i>，<gydF4y2Bai>短足<gydF4y2Ba/i>和<gydF4y2Bai>甘氨酸最大<gydF4y2Ba/i>以MEGA7.1为工具，采用邻接法（NJ）构建系统发育树，共有1000个自举重复。所有序列都列在附加文件中<一个d一个ta-track="click" data-track-label="link" data-track-action="supplementary material anchor" href="//www.cinefiend.com/articles/10.1186/s12870-021-02863-4">7<gydF4y2Ba/a>：数据集S1。<gydF4y2Ba/p> <h3 class="c-article__sub-heading" id="Sec21">染色体分布、基因结构和蛋白质特征<gydF4y2Bai>ACBP<gydF4y2Ba/i>玉米中的基因<gydF4y2Ba/h3> <p>利用MapGene2Chromosome web2.0 (<一个href="http://mg2c.iask.in/mg2c_v2.0/">http://mg2c.iask.in/mg2c_v2.0/<gydF4y2Ba/a>). 利用TBtools对玉米和水稻基因组进行了同源性分析[<一个d一个ta-track="click" data-track-action="reference anchor" data-track-label="link" data-test="citation-ref" aria-label="Reference 37" title="37.gydF4y2Ba" href="//www.cinefiend.com/articles/10.1186/s12870-021-02863-4" id="ref-link-section-d14671e2961">37.<gydF4y2Ba/a>]. 基因结构显示服务器v2.0(<一个href="http://gsds.cbi.pku.edu.cn/">http://gsds.cbi.pku.edu.cn/<gydF4y2Ba/a>)分析基因结构，并生成外显子/内含子组织。Plant CARE数据库(<一个href="http://bioinformatics.psb.ugent.be/webtools/plantcare/html/">http://bioinformatics.psb.ugent.be/webtools/plantcare/html/<gydF4y2Ba/a>)进行了预测和分析<gydF4y2Bai>独联体<gydF4y2Ba/i>-1500的监管要素每个玉米的bp上游序列<gydF4y2Bai>ACBP<gydF4y2Ba/i>基因[<一个d一个ta-track="click" data-track-action="reference anchor" data-track-label="link" data-test="citation-ref" aria-label="Reference 38" title="38.gydF4y2Ba" href="//www.cinefiend.com/articles/10.1186/s12870-021-02863-4" id="ref-link-section-d14671e2985">38.<gydF4y2Ba/a>]. 计算pI/Mw工具(<一个href="http://web.expasy.org/compute_pi/">http://web.expasy.org/compute_pi/<gydF4y2Ba/a>)用以评价蛋白质pI/Mw。模因诱导的在线多重Em（MEME，<一个href="http://meme.sdsc.edu/meme4_3_0/intro.html">http://meme.sdsc.edu/meme4_3_0/intro.html<gydF4y2Ba/a>）被用来识别保守的主题。<gydF4y2Ba/p> <h3 class="c-article__sub-heading" id="Sec22">ZmACBPs的亚细胞定位<gydF4y2Ba/h3> <p>所选ZmACBPs的亚细胞位置根据Wang et al.2018确定[<一个d一个ta-track="click" data-track-action="reference anchor" data-track-label="link" data-test="citation-ref" aria-label="Reference 39" title="39.gydF4y2Ba" href="//www.cinefiend.com/articles/10.1186/s12870-021-02863-4" id="ref-link-section-d14671e3010">39.<gydF4y2Ba/a>］．编码序列<gydF4y2Bai>ZmACBPs公司<gydF4y2Ba/i>进行基因使用基因特异性引物进行扩增（附加文件<一个d一个ta-track="click" data-track-label="link" data-track-action="supplementary material anchor" href="//www.cinefiend.com/articles/10.1186/s12870-021-02863-4">8<gydF4y2Ba/a>：表S5），然后使用网关LR反应（Invitrogen）融合到GFP（绿色荧光蛋白）载体的C末端的框架。将共轭载体转化为<gydF4y2Bai>农杆菌属tumiefacien<gydF4y2Ba/i>S菌株GV3101，潜入含相关质粒的细菌被渗透到<gydF4y2Bai>N. Benthamiana.<gydF4y2Ba/i>叶跟随刘等人[<一个d一个ta-track="click" data-track-action="reference anchor" data-track-label="link" data-test="citation-ref" aria-label="Reference 40" title="40gydF4y2Ba" href="//www.cinefiend.com/articles/10.1186/s12870-021-02863-4" id="ref-link-section-d14671e3026">40<gydF4y2Ba/a>]. 另外，根据Zhang和Wu的说法，将缺失终止密码子的ZmACBPs克隆并插入到pBI221:eGFP中，并将相应的表达载体导入拟南芥原生质体中[<一个d一个ta-track="click" data-track-action="reference anchor" data-track-label="link" data-test="citation-ref" aria-label="Reference 41" title="41.gydF4y2Ba" href="//www.cinefiend.com/articles/10.1186/s12870-021-02863-4" id="ref-link-section-d14671e3029">41.<gydF4y2Ba/a>]，稍作修改。应用激光共聚焦扫描显微镜lsm800（Zeiss）检测ZmACBP-GFP融合蛋白的荧光信号。<gydF4y2Ba/p> <h3 class="c-article__sub-heading" id="Sec23">表达分析与实时定量PCR<gydF4y2Ba/h3> <p>基因的RNA序列数据<gydF4y2Bai>ZMACBP.<gydF4y2Ba/i>从MaizeGDB平台中检索基因（<一个href="http://bar.utoronto.ca/efp_maize/cgi-bin/efpWeb.cgi?dataSource=Sekhon_et_al_Atlas">http://bar.utoronto.ca/efp_maize/cgi-bin/efpWeb.cgi?dataSource=Sekhon_et_al_Atlas<gydF4y2Ba/a>)利用玉米基因芯片平台。利用Heatmapper进行了基于平均连锁Pearson系数的完全连锁层次聚类分析(<一个href="http://www.heatmapper.ca/">http://www.heatmapper.ca/<gydF4y2Ba/a>)．<gydF4y2Ba/p> <p>定量实时PCR如Lin等人所述进行[<一个d一个ta-track="click" data-track-action="reference anchor" data-track-label="link" data-test="citation-ref" aria-label="Reference 33" title="33.gydF4y2Ba" href="//www.cinefiend.com/articles/10.1186/s12870-021-02863-4" id="ref-link-section-d14671e3061">33.<gydF4y2Ba/a>]，稍作修改。根据用户手册，使用Trizol试剂（Takara，中国大连）从不同玉米组织（根、丝、茎、叶、穗轴、花药和籽粒）中提取总RNA，并使用PrimerScript RT试剂盒和gDNA擦除器（Takara，中国大连）将每个组织的RNA反转录成cDNA。所有分析基因的特异性引物均采用primerpremier5.0设计，并在附加文件中列出<一个d一个ta-track="click" data-track-label="link" data-track-action="supplementary material anchor" href="//www.cinefiend.com/articles/10.1186/s12870-021-02863-4">8<gydF4y2Ba/a>：选择表S6和浴缸 - 核糖基化因子作为标准化的内部参考。使用SYBR-Green对Bio-rad CFx Connect™进行QRT-PCR反应，并通过2计算靶基因的表达丰度<gydF4y2Basup>(−ΔCt）<gydF4y2Ba/sup>分析方法[<一个d一个ta-track="click" data-track-action="reference anchor" data-track-label="link" data-test="citation-ref" aria-label="Reference 33" title="33.gydF4y2Ba" href="//www.cinefiend.com/articles/10.1186/s12870-021-02863-4" id="ref-link-section-d14671e3069">33.<gydF4y2Ba/a>]. 所有反应一式三份。<gydF4y2Ba/p> <h3 class="c-article__sub-heading" id="Sec24">区域关联图<gydF4y2Bai>ZMACBP.<gydF4y2Ba/i>基因<gydF4y2Ba/h3> <p>区域关联测试是在由500次近交线组成的关联映射面板中进行[<一个d一个ta-track="click" data-track-action="reference anchor" data-track-label="link" data-test="citation-ref" aria-label="Reference 42" title="42.gydF4y2Ba" href="//www.cinefiend.com/articles/10.1186/s12870-021-02863-4" id="ref-link-section-d14671e3084">42.<gydF4y2Ba/a>]. 通过两个基因分型平台对该群体的基因型进行检测，得到55万个高质量的SNPs[<一个d一个ta-track="click" data-track-action="reference anchor" data-track-label="link" data-test="citation-ref" aria-label="Reference 43" title="43.gydF4y2Ba" href="//www.cinefiend.com/articles/10.1186/s12870-021-02863-4" id="ref-link-section-d14671e3087">43.<gydF4y2Ba/a>，<一个d一个ta-track="click" data-track-action="reference anchor" data-track-label="link" data-test="citation-ref" aria-label="Reference 44" title="44.gydF4y2Ba" href="//www.cinefiend.com/articles/10.1186/s12870-021-02863-4" id="ref-link-section-d14671e3090">44.<gydF4y2Ba/a>]. 17个农艺性状包括株高、穗高、雄穗分枝数、穗粗、百粒重、吐丝期、抽穗期、穗上叶数、雄穗主轴长、穗长、粒宽、穗重、花粉量、粒重、穗粒数、穗叶宽、穗叶长。<gydF4y2Ba/p> <p>使用在候选基因上游100kb范围内的SNP和候选基因下游。然后使用结合衬垫模型进行关联映射分析，该模型考虑了人口结构和相对血缘关系，以测试农艺性状表型和每个基因型之间的统计关联<gydF4y2Bai>ZMACBP.<gydF4y2Ba/i>基因。在雄穗（V5.0）上进行了SNPs间的关联图谱分析和连锁不平衡分析[<一个d一个ta-track="click" data-track-action="reference anchor" data-track-label="link" data-test="citation-ref" aria-label="Reference 45" title="45.gydF4y2Ba" href="//www.cinefiend.com/articles/10.1186/s12870-021-02863-4" id="ref-link-section-d14671e3099">45.<gydF4y2Ba/a>]. SNPs的物理位置是基于玉米基因组序列版本5b.60确定的[<一个d一个ta-track="click" data-track-action="reference anchor" data-track-label="link" data-test="citation-ref" aria-label="Reference 46" title="46.gydF4y2Ba" href="//www.cinefiend.com/articles/10.1186/s12870-021-02863-4" id="ref-link-section-d14671e3102">46.<gydF4y2Ba/a>］．之间的相关性<gydF4y2Bai>ZMACBP.<gydF4y2Ba/i>利用R包“stats”(版本2.15.3)中的线性模型函数确定基因表达水平和玉米籽粒含油量(Pearson’s R相关性)，数据来源于Fu等人2013年[<一个d一个ta-track="click" data-track-action="reference anchor" data-track-label="link" data-test="citation-ref" aria-label="Reference 42" title="42.gydF4y2Ba" href="//www.cinefiend.com/articles/10.1186/s12870-021-02863-4" id="ref-link-section-d14671e3108">42.<gydF4y2Ba/a>]Li等人，2013年[<一个d一个ta-track="click" data-track-action="reference anchor" data-track-label="link" data-test="citation-ref" aria-label="Reference 44" title="44.gydF4y2Ba" href="//www.cinefiend.com/articles/10.1186/s12870-021-02863-4" id="ref-link-section-d14671e3112">44.<gydF4y2Ba/a>］．的<gydF4y2Bai>p<gydF4y2Ba/i>-使用Klipper-Aurbach方法调整数值进行多重比较[<一个d一个ta-track="click" data-track-action="reference anchor" data-track-label="link" data-test="citation-ref" aria-label="Reference 47" title="47.gydF4y2Ba" href="//www.cinefiend.com/articles/10.1186/s12870-021-02863-4" id="ref-link-section-d14671e3118">47.<gydF4y2Ba/a>］．显着表达基因的截止值是调整后的p值（<gydF4y2Bai>p<gydF4y2Ba/i>< 0.01)．基因的热图是由Omniviz Trecape软件构建的。<gydF4y2Ba/p> <h3 class="c-article__sub-heading" id="Sec25">转型<gydF4y2Bai>A.拟南芥<gydF4y2Ba/i>转基因植物的应激治疗<gydF4y2Ba/h3> <p>过度表现<gydF4y2Bai>ZmACBP1或ZmACBP3<gydF4y2Ba/i>在拟南芥中，基因的编码区<gydF4y2Bai>ZmACBP1/3型<gydF4y2Ba/i>被连接到pstart载体中，然后转化为<gydF4y2Bai>A.拟南芥<gydF4y2Ba/i>通过<gydF4y2Bai>农杆菌肿瘤术<gydF4y2Ba/i>- 介导的花卉浸法[<一个d一个ta-track="click" data-track-action="reference anchor" data-track-label="link" data-test="citation-ref" aria-label="Reference 48" title="48.gydF4y2Ba" href="//www.cinefiend.com/articles/10.1186/s12870-021-02863-4" id="ref-link-section-d14671e3148">48.<gydF4y2Ba/a>]. 应用于拟南芥的生长条件和胁迫处理如前所述[<一个d一个ta-track="click" data-track-action="reference anchor" data-track-label="link" data-test="citation-ref" aria-label="Reference 49" title="49.gydF4y2Ba" href="//www.cinefiend.com/articles/10.1186/s12870-021-02863-4" id="ref-link-section-d14671e3152">49.<gydF4y2Ba/a>]，稍作修改。用半强度Murashige和Skoog（1/2MS）琼脂培养基培养拟南芥（Arabidopsis）种子。盘子放在4点 °C在黑暗中放置3天打破种子休眠，然后移栽至16 h光周期和a 22 °C温度持续2天。将均匀的幼苗移入新鲜培养基中，加入100%或100%的水毫米NaCl或200 甘露醇10分钟天。所有这些实验都是一式三份进行的。<gydF4y2Ba/p> </div> </div> </section> <section data-title="Availability of data and materials"> <div class="c-article-section" id="availability-of-data-and-materials-section"> <h2 class="c-article-section__title js-section-title js-c-reading-companion-sections-item" id="availability-of-data-and-materials">数据和材料的可用性<gydF4y2Ba/h2> <div class="c-article-section__content" id="availability-of-data-and-materials-content"> <p>获取的ZmacBP蛋白序列可从embl / genbank获得，即加入编号。GCA_902167145并包含在其他文件中<一个d一个ta-track="click" data-track-label="link" data-track-action="supplementary material anchor" href="//www.cinefiend.com/articles/10.1186/s12870-021-02863-4">7<gydF4y2Ba/a>这篇文章的作者。在当前研究期间，针对区域关联或表型数据分析的数据集可在玉米组资源中获得(<一个href="http://www.maizego.org/Resources.html">http://www.maizego.org/resources.html.<gydF4y2Ba/a>)．<gydF4y2Ba/p> </div> </div> </section> <section data-title="Abbreviations"> <div class="c-article-section" id="abbreviations-section"> <h2 class="c-article-section__title js-section-title js-c-reading-companion-sections-item" id="abbreviations">缩写<gydF4y2Ba/h2> <div class="c-article-section__content" id="abbreviations-content"> <dl class="c-abbreviation_list"> <dt class="c-abbreviation_list__term"> <dfn>ACBP：<gydF4y2Ba/dfn> </dt> <dd class="c-abbreviation_list__description"> <p>酰基辅酶A结合蛋白<gydF4y2Ba/p> </dd> <dt class="c-abbreviation_list__term"> <dfn>绿色荧光：<gydF4y2Ba/dfn> </dt> <dd class="c-abbreviation_list__description"> <p>绿色荧光蛋白<gydF4y2Ba/p> </dd> <dt class="c-abbreviation_list__term"> <dfn>分子量：<gydF4y2Ba/dfn> </dt> <dd class="c-abbreviation_list__description"> <p>分子量<gydF4y2Ba/p> </dd> <dt class="c-abbreviation_list__term"> <dfn>钉：<gydF4y2Ba/dfn> </dt> <dd class="c-abbreviation_list__description"> <p>聚乙二醇<gydF4y2Ba/p> </dd> <dt class="c-abbreviation_list__term"> <dfn>qRT PCR：<gydF4y2Ba/dfn> </dt> <dd class="c-abbreviation_list__description"> <p>实时定量逆转录聚合酶链反应。<gydF4y2Ba/p> </dd> </dl> </div> </div> </section> <div id="MagazineFulltextArticleBodySuffix"> <section aria-labelledby="Bib1" data-title="References"> <div class="c-article-section" id="Bib1-section"> <h2 class="c-article-section__title js-section-title js-c-reading-companion-sections-item" id="Bib1">参考文献<gydF4y2Ba/h2> <div class="c-article-section__content" id="Bib1-content"> <div data-container-section="references"> <ol class="c-article-references"> <li class="c-article-references__item js-c-reading-companion-references-item"><span 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data-track-label="link" href="https://citation-needed.springer.com/v2/references/10.1186/s12870-021-02863-4?format=refman&flavour=references">下载参考资料<gydF4y2Basvg width="16" height="16" focusable="false" role="img" aria-hidden="true" class="u-icon"> <use xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xlink:href="#global-icon-download"></use> </svg></a></p> </div> </div> </div> </section> </div> <section data-title="Acknowledgements"> <div class="c-article-section" id="Ack1-section"> <h2 class="c-article-section__title js-section-title js-c-reading-companion-sections-item" id="Ack1">致谢<gydF4y2Ba/h2> <div class="c-article-section__content" id="Ack1-content"> <p>我们感谢简冰艳博士（华中农业大学，中国）的玉米自交系W22。我们要感谢TopEdit(<一个href="http://www.topeditsci.com">www.topeditsci.com.<gydF4y2Ba/a>)，以协助撰写本手稿。<gydF4y2Ba/p> </div> </div> </section> <section data-title="Funding"> <div class="c-article-section" id="Fun-section"> <h2 class="c-article-section__title js-section-title js-c-reading-companion-sections-item" id="Fun">资金<gydF4y2Ba/h2> <div class="c-article-section__content" id="Fun-content"> <p>本研究得到了中国自然科学基金（31771797和31901497）的资助，并资助了山东省高校优秀青年人才资助项目（ZR201807061228）。这些资助机构参与了研究设计和数据的收集、分析和解释，以及手稿的撰写，以及开放获取支付。<gydF4y2Ba/p> </div> </div> </section> <section aria-labelledby="author-information" data-title="Author information"> <div class="c-article-section" id="author-information-section"> <h2 class="c-article-section__title js-section-title js-c-reading-companion-sections-item" id="author-information">作者信息<gydF4y2Ba/h2> <div class="c-article-section__content" id="author-information-content"> <h3 class="c-article__sub-heading" id="affiliations">从属关系<gydF4y2Ba/h3> <ol class="c-article-author-affiliation__list"> <li id="Aff1"><p class="c-article-author-affiliation__address">济南大学生物科学与技术学院，济南，250022<gydF4y2Ba/p><p class="c-article-author-affiliation__authors-list">国王朱，魏军李，袁源周，冰沛，嘉嘉刘，新人夏，荣辉＆慧丽<gydF4y2Ba/p></li> </ol> <div class="u-js-hide u-hide-print" data-test="author-info"> <span 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href="//www.cinefiend.com/articles/10.1186/s12870-021-02863-4/email/correspondent/c1/new">慧丽<gydF4y2Ba/a>．<gydF4y2Ba/p> </div> </div> </section> <section data-title="Ethics declarations"> <div class="c-article-section" id="ethics-section"> <h2 class="c-article-section__title js-section-title js-c-reading-companion-sections-item" id="ethics">伦理宣言<gydF4y2Ba/h2> <div class="c-article-section__content" id="ethics-content"> <h3 class="c-article__sub-heading" id="FPar1">道德认可和参与同意<gydF4y2Ba/h3> <p>不适用。<gydF4y2Ba/p> <h3 class="c-article__sub-heading" id="FPar2">出版许可<gydF4y2Ba/h3> <p>不适用。<gydF4y2Ba/p> <h3 class="c-article__sub-heading" id="FPar3">相互竞争的利益<gydF4y2Ba/h3> <p>作者声明他们没有利益冲突。<gydF4y2Ba/p> </div> </div> </section> <section data-title="Additional information"> <div class="c-article-section" id="additional-information-section"> <h2 class="c-article-section__title js-section-title js-c-reading-companion-sections-item" id="additional-information">附加信息<gydF4y2Ba/h2> <div class="c-article-section__content" id="additional-information-content"> <h3 class="c-article__sub-heading">出版商说明<gydF4y2Ba/h3> <p>《自然》杂志对已出版的地图和附属机构的管辖权主张保持中立。<gydF4y2Ba/p> </div> </div> </section> <section data-title="Supplementary Information"> <div class="c-article-section" id="Sec26-section"> <h2 class="c-article-section__title js-section-title js-c-reading-companion-sections-item" id="Sec26">补充资料<gydF4y2Ba/h2> <div class="c-article-section__content" id="Sec26-content"> <div data-test="supplementary-info"> <div id="figshareContainer" class="c-article-figshare-container" data-test="figshare-container"></div> <div class="c-article-supplementary__item" data-test="supp-item" id="MOESM1"> <h3 class="c-article-supplementary__title u-h3"><a class="print-link" data-track="click" data-track-action="view supplementary info" data-track-label="link" data-test="supp-info-link" href="https://static-content.springer.com/esm/art%3A10.1186%2Fs12870-021-02863-4/MediaObjects/12870_2021_2863_MOESM1_ESM.tif" data-supp-info-image=""><b>附加文件1：图S1。<gydF4y2Ba/b></a></h3> <div class="c-article-supplementary__description" data-component="thumbnail-container"> <p>基因的结构域、基因组分布及同源性分析<gydF4y2Bai>ZMACBP.<gydF4y2Ba/i>基因。（a）玉米和拟南芥ACBP的域结构。不同颜色的框代表不同的域：蓝色，acb域;绿色，Ankyrin重复;粉红色，kelch主题。（b）九的染色体分布<gydF4y2Bai>ZMACBP.<gydF4y2Ba/i>基因。百万基数。染色体的数目显示在每个染色体的顶端。每个项目的名称和位置<gydF4y2Bai>ZMACBP.<gydF4y2Ba/i>基因显示在染色体的左右两侧。该框表示串联重复基因(c）共线性分析<gydF4y2Bai>ACBP<gydF4y2Ba/i>来自玉米和水稻的基因。背景中的灰线表示玉米和水稻基因组中的共线区，而红线则突出了共线区<gydF4y2Bai>ACBP<gydF4y2Ba/i>基因对。<gydF4y2Ba/p> </div> </div> <div class="c-article-supplementary__item" data-test="supp-item" id="MOESM2"> <h3 class="c-article-supplementary__title u-h3"><a class="print-link" data-track="click" data-track-action="view supplementary info" data-track-label="link" data-test="supp-info-link" href="https://static-content.springer.com/esm/art%3A10.1186%2Fs12870-021-02863-4/MediaObjects/12870_2021_2863_MOESM2_ESM.xlsx" data-supp-info-image=""><b>附加文件2：表S1。<gydF4y2Ba/b></a></h3> <div class="c-article-supplementary__description" data-component="thumbnail-container"> <p>共线性块<gydF4y2Bai>ACBP<gydF4y2Ba/i>玉米和水稻基因组之间的基因。<gydF4y2Ba/p> </div> </div> <div class="c-article-supplementary__item" data-test="supp-item" id="MOESM3"> <h3 class="c-article-supplementary__title u-h3"><a class="print-link" data-track="click" data-track-action="view supplementary info" data-track-label="link" data-test="supp-info-link" href="https://static-content.springer.com/esm/art%3A10.1186%2Fs12870-021-02863-4/MediaObjects/12870_2021_2863_MOESM3_ESM.xlsx" data-supp-info-image=""><b>附加文件3：表S2。<gydF4y2Ba/b></a></h3> <div class="c-article-supplementary__description" data-component="thumbnail-container"> <p>识别的功能和数量<gydF4y2Bai>独联体<gydF4y2Ba/i>-监管要素<gydF4y2Bai>ZMACBP.<gydF4y2Ba/i>基因。<gydF4y2Ba/p> </div> </div> <div class="c-article-supplementary__item" data-test="supp-item" id="MOESM4"> <h3 class="c-article-supplementary__title u-h3"><a class="print-link" data-track="click" data-track-action="view supplementary info" data-track-label="link" data-test="supp-info-link" href="https://static-content.springer.com/esm/art%3A10.1186%2Fs12870-021-02863-4/MediaObjects/12870_2021_2863_MOESM4_ESM.tif" data-supp-info-image=""><b>附加文件4：图S2。<gydF4y2Ba/b></a></h3> <div class="c-article-supplementary__description" data-component="thumbnail-container"> <p>拟南芥叶片原生质体中ZmACBPs的亚细胞定位。pBI221-eGFP：空载体。比例尺：20 μm。<gydF4y2Ba/p> </div> </div> <div class="c-article-supplementary__item" data-test="supp-item" id="MOESM5"> <h3 class="c-article-supplementary__title u-h3"><a class="print-link" data-track="click" data-track-action="view supplementary info" data-track-label="link" data-test="supp-info-link" href="https://static-content.springer.com/esm/art%3A10.1186%2Fs12870-021-02863-4/MediaObjects/12870_2021_2863_MOESM5_ESM.xlsx" data-supp-info-image=""><b>附加文件5：表S3。<gydF4y2Ba/b></a></h3> <div class="c-article-supplementary__description" data-component="thumbnail-container"> <p>的<gydF4y2Bai>ZMACBP.<gydF4y2Ba/i>与玉米农艺性状相关的基因名单。<gydF4y2Ba/p> </div> </div> <div class="c-article-supplementary__item" data-test="supp-item" id="MOESM6"> <h3 class="c-article-supplementary__title u-h3"><a class="print-link" data-track="click" data-track-action="view supplementary info" data-track-label="link" data-test="supp-info-link" href="https://static-content.springer.com/esm/art%3A10.1186%2Fs12870-021-02863-4/MediaObjects/12870_2021_2863_MOESM6_ESM.xlsx" data-supp-info-image=""><b>附加文件6：表S4。<gydF4y2Ba/b></a></h3> <div class="c-article-supplementary__description" data-component="thumbnail-container"> <p>之间的相关性<gydF4y2Bai>ZMACBP.<gydF4y2Ba/i>玉米籽粒含油量与基因表达水平的关系。<gydF4y2Ba/p> </div> </div> <div class="c-article-supplementary__item" data-test="supp-item" id="MOESM7"> <h3 class="c-article-supplementary__title u-h3"><a class="print-link" data-track="click" data-track-action="view supplementary info" data-track-label="link" data-test="supp-info-link" href="https://static-content.springer.com/esm/art%3A10.1186%2Fs12870-021-02863-4/MediaObjects/12870_2021_2863_MOESM7_ESM.docx" data-supp-info-image=""><b>附加文件7：数据集S1。<gydF4y2Ba/b></a></h3> <div class="c-article-supplementary__description" data-component="thumbnail-container"> <p>用于产生系统发育树的蛋白质序列。<gydF4y2Ba/p> </div> </div> <div class="c-article-supplementary__item" data-test="supp-item" id="MOESM8"> <h3 class="c-article-supplementary__title u-h3"><a class="print-link" data-track="click" data-track-action="view supplementary info" data-track-label="link" data-test="supp-info-link" href="https://static-content.springer.com/esm/art%3A10.1186%2Fs12870-021-02863-4/MediaObjects/12870_2021_2863_MOESM8_ESM.docx" data-supp-info-image=""><b>附加文件8:表S5-6。<gydF4y2Ba/b></a></h3> <div class="c-article-supplementary__description" data-component="thumbnail-container"> <p>本研究使用的引物及其序列。<gydF4y2Ba/p> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </section> <section data-title="Rights and permissions"> <div class="c-article-section" id="rightslink-section"> <h2 class="c-article-section__title js-section-title js-c-reading-companion-sections-item" id="rightslink">权利和权限<gydF4y2Ba/h2> <div class="c-article-section__content" id="rightslink-content"> <p><b>开放访问<gydF4y2Ba/b>本文是基于知识共享署名4.0国际许可,允许使用、共享、适应、分布和繁殖在任何媒介或格式,只要你给予适当的信贷原始作者(年代)和来源,提供一个链接到创作共用许可证,并指出如果变化。本文中的图像或其他第三方材料包括在文章的创作共用许可中，除非在材料的信用线中另有说明。如果材料没有包含在文章的创作共用许可证中，而您的预期使用不被法律法规允许或超过允许的使用，您将需要直接获得版权持有人的许可。如欲浏览本许可证的副本，请浏览<一个href="http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" rel="license" itemprop="license">http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/<gydF4y2Ba/a>．Creative Commons公共领域奉献豁免（<一个href="http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/" rel="license" 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href="https://citation-needed.springer.com/v2/references/10.1186/s12870-021-02863-4?format=refman&flavour=citation">下载引文<gydF4y2Basvg width="16" height="16" focusable="false" role="img" aria-hidden="true" class="u-icon"> <use xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xlink:href="#global-icon-download"></use> </svg></a></p> <ul class="c-bibliographic-information__list" data-test="publication-history"> <li class="c-bibliographic-information__list-item"><p>收到<gydF4y2Baspan class="u-hide">：<gydF4y2Ba/span><span class="c-bibliographic-information__value"><time datetime="2019-09-09">2019年9月9日<gydF4y2Ba/time></span></p></li> <li class="c-bibliographic-information__list-item"><p>接受<gydF4y2Baspan class="u-hide">：<gydF4y2Ba/span><span class="c-bibliographic-information__value"><time datetime="2021-02-01">2021年2月1日<gydF4y2Ba/time></span></p></li> <li class="c-bibliographic-information__list-item"><p>出版<gydF4y2Baspan class="u-hide">：<gydF4y2Ba/span><span 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